中日两国围绕明治天皇去世开展的“葬礼外交”探析  

A Preliminary Study of the"Funeral Diplomacy"between China and Japan around the Death of Emperor Meiji

作　　者：许龙生 Xu Longsheng

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（中国近代史）》2021年第11期34-41,共8页MODERN HISTORY OF CHINA

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(CCNU20XJ035)项目资助。

摘　　要：1912年,中华民国临时政府建立,尽快争取外国列强的承认成为了民国政府外交工作的优先课题,日本则在该问题上扮演了重要角色。同年7月,日本明治天皇病逝,民国中央与地方政府纷纷向日本驻华外交机构致以哀悼,同时中央政府还希望派遣正式代表赴日吊言,意图借助于“葬礼外交”的舞台扩大中华民国的外交影响。由于日本当时还未承认民国政府,日本政府以非正式的方式向民国政府转达相关信息,并劝阻民国政府派遣代表赴日的计划。另一方面,日本还通过在华的报纸媒体发表文章,安抚中国官民的不满情绪。中日两国围绕明治天皇去世所展现的“迎”与“拒”,反映了外交手段与外交实践的分离,以及民国政府寻求列国承认与日本政府意图扩大在华利益之间的对立。In 1912,the Provisional Government of the Republic of China was established.Getting the recognition of foreign countries as soon as possible has become a priority issue in the diplomatic work of the Republic of China government,and Japan has played an important role in this issue.In July of the same year,Emperor Meiji of Japan died of illness.The central and local governments of the Republic of China sent condolences to the Japanese diplomatic missions in China.At the same time,the central government also hopes to send official representatives to Japan to express condolences,with the intention of expanding the diplomatic influence of the Republic of China by means of the stage of"funeral diplomacy".Since Japan had not formally recognized the Republic of China government at that time,the Japanese government conveyed relevant information to the Republic of China government in an informal way and discouraged the plan of the Republic of China government to send representatives to Japan.On the other hand,Japan also published articles in newspapers in China to appease the dissatisfaction of Chinese officials and people.The"welcome"and"rejection"shown by China and Japan around the death of Emperor Meiji reflect the separation of diplomatic means and diplomatic practice,as well as the opposition between the Republic of China government seeking recognition from other countries and the Japanese government's intention to expand its interests in China.

关 键 词：中华民国 承认问题 明治天皇 葬礼外交 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]