“公共地主”与赣西南乡村社会--《寻乌调查》与民间文献的比较  

“Public Landlords”and Rural Society in Southwestern Jiangxi:A Comparison Between Xunwu Investigation and Folk Literature

作　　者：张玉莲 唐庆红 Zhang Yulian;Tang Qinghong

机构地区：[1]井冈山大学中国共产党革命精神与文化资源研究中心 [2]井冈山大学人文学院历史系

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2023年第3期61-77,共17页CPC History Studies

基　　金：2022年度国家社科基金一般项目“毛泽东苏区农村调查与中国共产党调查研究制度化研究”(22BDJ036)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：江西苏维埃时期,毛泽东的农村调查和土地革命直接相关。《寻乌调查》有关地主及其剥削情况的剖析,为明晰革命话语下的“地主”提供了弥足珍贵的史料与观察点。关于寻乌公共地主的细致描述,及其与遂川等赣西南地区民间文献中描绘的公田构成与运行的相似性,让我们从毛泽东的文中看到了赣西南乡村社会运行实态。从“公田”到“公共地主”,凸显了苏维埃早期土地革命实践里中共革命理念到革命机制的建构过程,是理解中共土地革命逻辑的重要一环。而“公田”在现实社会、革命文本、民间文献三重维度观照下呈现的认识张力,又为理解中共革命运行的复杂、多面性打开了一扇窗。During the period of the Jiangxi Soviet Revolution,Mao Zedong’s rural investigation was directly relat-ed to the agrarian revolution and the transformation of land ownership.The analysis of landlords and their exploita-tion in the Xunwu Investigation provides valuable historical materials and observation points for clarifying the term“landlord”in the revolutionary discourse.The detailed description of public landlords in Xunwu and its similari-ties with the composition and operation of public lands depicted in the folk documents of southwestern Jiangxi,such as Suichuan,allow us to understand the true operation of rural society in southwestern Jiangxi from Mao Ze-dong’s perspective.From“public lands”to“public landlords,”it highlights the process of construction of the CPC’s revolutionary ideas to the revolutionary mechanisms during the period of the early Soviet agrarian revolu-tion,thus serving as an essential link to understand the logic of the CPC’s agrarian revolution.Moreover,the tensions caused by the“public lands,”based on the three dimensions of the actual society,the revolutionary texts,and the folk documents,open a window into understanding the complexity and multifaceted nature of the operation of the CPC revolution.

关 键 词：土地革命 公田 寻乌调查 民间文献 赣西南乡村社会 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学] K263[政治法律—中共党史]