大科学装置科普效果的影响路径探究——基于模糊集的定性比较分析  

Research on the Influence Path of Science Popularization Effect of Large-Scale Scientific Installations——A Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on Fuzzy Sets

作　　者：李苏蕊 谢起慧 Li Surui;Xie Qihui(School of Law and Humanities,China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing 100083,China;Sino-Danish College,University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 101408,China;Center for Crisis Management Research,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)文法学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院大学中丹学院,北京101408 [3]清华大学应急管理研究基地,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2023年第8期159-168,179,共11页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“重大疫情公众风险感知的动态监测与干预机制研究”(21CGL045)。

摘　　要：大科学装置的公共性决定了其不应仅局限于科学和工程领域的研究,而应是全社会共享设施的发展成果,因此对于大科学装置的科学原理和科学内涵进行普及教育就显得尤为重要。研究意在探究大科学装置科普效果的影响因素作用机制,以期产生普适性结果。以北京、上海和合肥三地的13项大科学装置项目为案例样本,基于整体论视角和组态思维,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法,选取地理位置、科普人力资源、科技成果科普化的实现形式、多主体合作和科普宣传5个条件变量,探讨影响大科学装置科普效果的多重并发因素和复杂因果关系链。结果显示:①条件与条件之间是以相互关联的方式发生作用的,单一要素对大科学装置的科普效果并不构成必要条件;②地理位置和科技成果科普化的实现形式是大科学工程科普宣传良好的核心要素;③大科学装置科普效果良好与欠佳的实现路径都为2条,且具有非对称性。根据各要素在每条路径中扮演的关键作用,提出改善大科学装置科普效果的建议。The public nature of large-scale scientific installations determines that they should not be limited to research in the fields of science and engineering,but should be the result of the development of the facilities shared by the whole society.So it is important to popularize education on the scientific principles and scientific connotations of large-scale scientific installations.The study intends to investigate the mechanisms of factors influencing the effectiveness of science popularization in large-scale scientific installations with a view to producing generalized results.The 13 large-scale scientific installations in Beijing,Shanghai and Hefei are case samples.Based on the holistic perspective and configuration thinking,the paper uses the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method(fsQCA)and selects five conditional variables,namely,geographic location,human resources for science popularization,the realization form of science popularization of scientific and technological achievements,multi-subject cooperation and science popularization publicity,to explore the multiple co-existing factors and complex causal chains affecting the effect of science popularization in large-scale scientific installations.The results show that:①The conditions act in an interrelated manner,and a single element is not a necessary condition for the good or bad science popularization effect of a large-scale scientific installation;②The geographical location and the realization form of science popularization of scientific and technological achievements are the core elements for good science popularization of a large-scale science project;③The realization paths for both good and poor science popularization effect of a large-scale science installation are 2 and have asymmetry.Based on the key role played by elements in each pathway,recommendations are made to improve the effectiveness of science popularization in large-scale scientific installations.

关 键 词：大科学装置 科普效果 组态思维 模糊集定性比较分析 

分 类 号：G322[文化科学]