小秦岭金矿区尾矿渣淋溶淋滤实验研究  

Experimental study on leaching of tailings slag in Xiaoqinling gold mining area

作　　者：苏奇童 张建瑞 兰青 SU Qitong;ZHANG Jianrui;LAN Qing(Center for Geological Disaster Prevention and Control,Henan Geological Bureau,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China;The Center of Engineering and Technological Research for Geological Environment and Ecological Restoration in Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质局地质灾害防治中心,河南郑州450000 [2]河南省地质环境生态修复工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《矿产与地质》2023年第3期639-645,共7页Mineral Resources and Geology

基　　金：河南省国土资源厅地质科研项目“豫西金矿集中开采区废水废液对区域环境影响研究”(豫国土资函〔2016〕106号)资助。

摘　　要：针对灵宝市西部小秦岭金矿区尾矿渣重金属污染问题。基于矿山工作区的矿坑排水、生产废水、地表水、地下水、尾矿库渗滤液、土壤等样品的分析、评价,进行了蒸馏水淋溶尾矿渣和最大重金属浓度淋溶液淋滤纯净土实验,结果表明,尾矿渣淋溶液中重金属浓度随淋溶时间增加而增大,浓度顺序为铅>铜>镉>汞;尾矿渣柱中重金属浓度随淋溶时间增大而减小,随垂向深度增加而升高,浓度顺序为铅>铜>汞>镉;纯净土柱中重金属浓度随淋滤时间增加而升高,随垂向深度增加而减小,浓度顺序为铅>铜>镉;重金属在淋溶出尾矿渣和淋滤入纯净土时,其浓度均在20~40 cm范围内发生较大变化。上述结论有助于地表水和土壤重金属污染防治的相关对策制定与实施。For the problem of heavy metal pollution of tailings slag at Xiaoqinling gold mining area in the west of Lingbao City,based on the analysis and evaluation of mine pit drainage,production wastewater,surface water,groundwater,tailings pond leachate,soil and other samples in the mining area,the experiments of distilled water leaching tailings slag and maximum heavy metal concentration leaching solution leaching pure soil are carried out.The experimental result shows that the concentration of heavy metals in the tailings slag leaching solution increases with the increase of leaching time,and the concentration order is lead>copper>cadmium>mercury.The concentration of heavy metals in the tailings slag column decreases with the increase of leaching time,and increases with the increase of vertical depth.The concentration order is lead>copper>mercury>cadmium.The concentration of heavy metals in the pure soil column increases with the increase of leaching time and decreases with the increase of vertical depth,and the concentration order is lead>copper>cadmium.The concentration of heavy metals changes greatly in the range of 20-40 cm when heavy metals leach out from tailings and into pure soil.The above conclusion is helpful for the formulation and implementation of relevant strategies for the prevention and controlling of heavy metal pollution in surface water and soil.

关 键 词：尾矿渣 淋溶淋滤 地表水 土壤 重金属污染 

分 类 号：TD863[矿业工程—金属矿开采] X5[矿业工程—矿山开采]