鸡性别决定及分化关键调控基因DMRT 1研究进展  

Research Progress of Key Regulatory Gene DMRT 1 in Chicken Sex Determination and Differentiation

作　　者：郑钢 连玲[1] ZHENG Gang;LIAN Ling(Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources and Molecular Breeding,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物遗传资源与分子育种实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2023年第8期3152-3163,共12页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2022YFF1000204,2021YFD1300600);国家自然科学基金(32272865,U1901206);国家蛋鸡产业技术体系(CARS-40);家养动物种质资源库。

摘　　要：鸡是重要的农业动物之一,其所提供的鸡蛋是优质且廉价的动物蛋白来源。由于蛋鸡饲养中对母雏的需求偏好,使得早期性别鉴定成为蛋鸡生产中的重要一环,鉴定后会淘汰大量公雏,这不仅造成了巨大损失,还涉及到伦理道德问题。近年来,随着科学技术的发展使得人为控制畜禽性别成为可能,性别调控机制相关的研究挖掘出了很多候选基因,其中DMRT 1基因被认为是调控公鸡性腺形成的关键基因。本文系统的综述了DMRT 1基因在鸡性别决定及性腺分化中的作用、相关途径以及影响其表达的潜在因素,为后续深入研究家禽性别调控机制及开发人工性别控制技术提供参考。Chicken is one of important agricultural animals and the eggs they supplied are a high quality and economical source of animal protein.In the layer industry,the early sex identification is indispensable procedure due to the preference for female chicks.Large numbers of male chicks were culled after sex identification,which not only causes a huge loss but also has ethical issues.In recent years,the development of science and technology has made it possible to artificially control the sex of livestock and poultry.The research on sex regulation mechanisms has uncovered excavated many important candidate genes,among which the DMRT 1 gene is considered to be a key gene in the regulation of gonad formation in roosters.This paper reviewed the role of the DMRT 1 gene in chicken sex determination and gonadal differentiation as well as the related pathways and the potential factors affecting its expression.This review provides a reference for in-depth studies on the mechanism of sex determination and development of feasible artificial sex control approaches.

关 键 词：DMRT 1 鸡胚 性别决定 性腺发育 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]