聚氨酯微塑料和秸秆添加对滨海脱盐潮土有机碳矿化及其组分的影响  

Effects of Polyurethane Microplastics and Straw Addition on Organic Carbon Mineralization and Its Components in Fluvo-aquic Soils in Binhai Area,China

作　　者：周巧林 汪吉东[1,2] 尚昊林 梁栋 焦加国 ZHOU Qiao-lin;WANG Ji-dong;SHANG Hao-lin;LIANG Dong;JIAO Jia-guo(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Scientific Observatory of Cultivated Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization(Coastal Saline-alkali Lands),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;College of Resources and Environmental Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部江苏耕地保育科学观测站,江苏南京210014 [2]农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用(滨海盐碱地)重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [3]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2023年第8期1086-1095,共10页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42207353);江苏省农业自主创新资金〔CX(21)-1009〕;江苏省重点研发计划(BE2021378)。

摘　　要：为模拟研究聚氨酯包膜控释肥微塑料残膜对土壤有机碳矿化及秸秆降解的影响,采集江苏省滨海地区脱盐潮土,进行为期35 d的室内培养试验。设置未添加物料(CK)、添加0.1%(质量分数w,下同)微塑料(T1)、0.3%微塑料(T2)、1%微塑料(T3)、1%秸秆(S)、0.1%微塑料+1%秸秆混施(T1+S)、0.3%微塑料+1%秸秆混施(T2+S)、1%微塑料+1%秸秆混施(T3+S)共8个处理,分析微塑料及其与秸秆混施条件下土壤有机碳矿化速率、有机碳组分和酶活性的变化特征。结果表明,T3、T1+S、T2+S、T3+S处理可显著促进土壤有机碳矿化,T1、T2处理对有机碳矿化无显著影响。与对照相比,T1、T2、T3处理显著提高了土壤累积矿化量,增幅为72.77%~80.00%。微塑料和秸秆添加处理均增加了土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、微生物量碳(MBC)、易氧化有机碳(ROC)含量。与对照相比,微塑料处理的DOC、MBC、ROC含量分别增加5.70%~57.43%、9.14%~41.92%和2.87%~57.34%;与单施秸秆相比,微塑料+秸秆处理的DOC、MBC、ROC含量在培养期间分别增加13.74%~75.82%、10.38%~60.19%和2.21%~34.76%。微塑料和秸秆添加处理均显著提高了土壤β-葡萄糖苷酶和过氧化氢酶活性。微塑料添加条件下土壤有机碳矿化速率与DOC、MBC、ROC含量及β-葡萄糖苷酶活性均呈显著正相关,而与土壤过氧化氢酶活性无显著相关性。结果表明,聚氨酯微塑料短期内可以增加土壤活性碳组分,促进土壤有机碳矿化,聚氨酯微塑料和秸秆对有机碳矿化和酶活性的影响具有交互作用。The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of microplastic residual from polyurethane(PU)coated controlled-release fertilizer on the rates of soil organic carbon mineralization and straw degradation.Soil samples collected from the coastal area of Jiangsu Province were tested for differences in the soil organic carbon mineralization rate,total content of organic carbon and enzymatic activity when microplastics,straw,or both,were added to soil.The soil conditions tested were:control with no added materials(CK),0.1%(mass fraction)microplastics(T1),0.3% microplastics(T2),1%microplastics(T3),1%straw(S),and all subsequent combinations of microplastics with straw.Over the course of 35 days,1%microplastics or microplastics plus straw(T3,T1+S,T2+S and T3+S)significantly promoted soil organic carbon mineralization,while lower amounts of microplastics(T1 and T2)had no significant effect.T1,T2 and T3 significantly increased the cumulative soil mineralization amount by 72.77%-80.00%.Furthermore,microplastics and straw also increased the amounts of soil soluble organic carbon(DOC),microbiological biomass carbon(MBC)and easily oxidized organic carbon(ROC).Compared with the control(CK)treatments T1,T2,and T3 significantly increased the DOC,MBC and ROC by 5.70%-57.43%、9.14%-41.92% and 2.87%-57.34%,respectively.Compared with straw treament(S)alone,the presence of both microplastics and straw having an additive effect on abundance with the increasing of DOC,MBC and ROC by 13.74%-75.82%、10.38%-60.19%and 2.21%-34.76%,respectively.Furthermore,both microplastics and straw supplementation significantly increased the activities ofβ-glucosidase(GLU)and catalase(CAT)in soil,exemplifying a generally increasing trend in soil organic mineralization and enzymatic activity in the presence of microplastics and straw.

关 键 词：微塑料 包膜控释肥 秸秆 有机碳矿化 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X144[农业科学—土壤学] S156.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]