超新星及其蕴含的科学秘密  

Supernovae and their scientific secrets

作　　者：李志宏[1,2] 李歌星 王韩奎 李云居 宋娜[1] 陈晨 田竣文[1] 董超 李家英豪 LI Zhihong;LI Gexing;WANG Hankui;LI Yunju;SONG Na;CHEN Chen;TIAN Junwen;DONG Chao;LI Jiayinghao(China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China;Zhejiang SCI-TECH University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]中国科学院大学,北京101408 [3]浙江理工大学,杭州310018

出　　处：《核技术》2023年第8期188-193,共6页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.U2267205,No.12275361);财政部稳定支持项目(No.WDJC-2019-13)资助。

摘　　要：超新星是人们能看到的宇宙中最为绚丽的烟花,其爆发时释放的能量约为太阳光度的100亿倍,可以帮助科学家们看得更远。Ia超新星作为标准烛光,人们可以借助它来测量宇宙中星系间的距离。超新星爆炸也会把产生的大量重元素抛射到星际空间,成为星系化学演化的主要驱动力。此外,超新星还对银河系元素的起源、太阳系结构形成和地球生命演化至关重要。对超新星的研究有助于丰富人们对宇宙的认识,帮助我们破解宇宙膨胀、重元素产生和生命起源之谜。当前,科学家们预测下一个超新星将随时爆发,研究人员正为观测即将爆发的超新星做充分准备。Supernovae are the most gorgeous fireworks that people can observe in the universe.Their explosion can produce a maximum luminosity 10 billion times that of the Sun,helping scientists see farther.Type Ia supernovae can be used as a standard candle to facilitate measurement of the distance between galaxies in the universe.A supernova explosion will also propel a large number of heavy elements into interstellar space,which is a major driving force for the chemical evolution of galaxies.In addition,supernovae are crucial to the origin of elements in the Milky Way,the formation of the structure of the solar system,and the evolution of life on the Earth.The study of supernovae will further enrich our understanding of the universe and help us solve the mysteries of the expansion of the universe,the generation of heavy elements,and the origin of life.At present,scientists predict that the next supernova will explode at any time,and preparations are in progress for observing the coming supernova.

关 键 词：超新星 标准烛光 元素起源 生命起源 

分 类 号：TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用]