防治烟蚜的杀虫剂筛选及对红彩瑞猎蝽安全性评价  

Insecticide screening to control Myzus persicae in tobacco fields and their safety evaluation for Rhynocoris fuscipes

作　　者：马光祥 夏长剑 陈德鑫 邓海滨 王兴高 邵雨 孙然锋 MA Guangxiang;XIA Changjian;CHEN Dexin;DENG Haibin;WANG Xinggao;SHAO Yu;SUN Ranfeng(College of Plant Protection,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Haikou Cigar Research Institute of Hainan Provincial Tobacco Company of CNTC,Haikou 571100,China;Guangdong Institute of Tobacco Science,Shaoguan 512000,Guangdong,China;Danzhou Branch of Hainan Provincial Tobacco Company,Danzhou 571700,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学植物保护学院,海口市570228 [2]中国烟草总公司海南省公司海口雪茄研究所,海口市571100 [3]广东省烟草科学研究所,广东省韶关市512000 [4]海南省烟草公司儋州市公司,海南省儋州市571700

出　　处：《烟草科技》2023年第8期20-27,共8页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目“以天敌为主的海南雪茄烟鳞翅目害虫绿色防控关键技术研究与推广应用”(ZDYF2021XDNY141);中国烟草总公司烟草绿色防控重大专项“利用红彩瑞猎蝽防治斜纹夜蛾/烟青虫技术研究与集成应用”(110202101028(LS-03))、“基于烟草和非烟作物天敌协同的控害机制研究”110202101046(LS-06);中国烟草总公司广东省公司科技项目“烟草害虫优势天敌红彩瑞猎蝽的开发与应用技术研究”(201944000020031)。

摘　　要：为筛选出雪茄烟田中对红彩瑞猎蝽(Rhynocoris fuscipes)安全且能高效防治烟蚜(Myzus persicae)的药剂,采用浸叶法和药膜法测定了9种常用杀虫剂对烟蚜和2龄红彩瑞猎蝽的毒性,并对红彩瑞猎蝽的安全性进行评价,同时在雪茄烟田进行了防治效果(防效)验证试验。结果表明:9种药剂对烟蚜的LC50分别为啶虫脒44.311 mg/L、氟啶虫胺腈46.696 mg/L、鱼藤酮71.499 mg/L、桉油精77.538 mg/L、双丙环虫酯139.697 mg/L、吡蚜酮175.142 mg/L、除虫菊素427.589 mg/L、藜芦碱322.856 mg/L、金龟子绿僵菌(CQMa421)205.921 cfu/mL。9种杀虫剂中对2龄红彩瑞猎蝽的LC50最高和最低的药剂分别是鱼藤酮139.596 mg/L和金龟子绿僵菌(CQMa421)1599.419 cfu/mL。安全系数和益害毒性比分析表明,桉油精、啶虫脒、吡蚜酮和金龟子绿僵菌(CQMa421)对烟蚜具有较好的防效,且对2龄红彩瑞猎蝽的毒性较小。田间试验表明,桉油精、吡蚜酮、金龟子绿僵菌(CQMa421)与红彩瑞猎蝽联合应用对烟蚜具有较好的防控作用,防效分别为93.14%、91.22%和91.00%,均优于单独使用桉油精或释放红彩瑞猎蝽的防效。To screen for effective Myzus persicae control agents that are safe for Rhynocoris fuscipes in tobacco fields,the toxicity of nine common insecticides against M.persicae and 2nd instar nymphs of R.fuscipes was tested using the leaf-dip method and the insecticide residual in glass tube method.Drug safety for R.fuscipes was evaluated,and plot experiments were conducted in tobacco fields.The results showed that the LC50 of the nine agents for M.persicae were acetamidine 44.311 mg/L,fludizonitrile 46.696 mg/L,rotenone 71.499 mg/L,eucalyptol 77.538 mg/L,dipropirenol 139.697 mg/L,pyrazidone 175.142 mg/L,pyrethrin 427.589 mg/L,veratrine 322.856 mg/L,and metarium anisopliae(CQMa421)205.921 cfu/mL,respectively.The highest and lowest LC50 for the 2nd instar nymphs of R.fuscipes were rotenone 139.596 mg/L and metartaria anisopliae(CQMa421)1599.419 cfu/mL.The analysis of safety coefficient and benefit-to-harm toxicity ratio suggested that eucalyptol,metarhizium anisopliae,acetamiprid,pyrzidone,and metarhizium anisopliae(CQMa421)had good control effects on M.persicae,and had less toxicity on the 2nd instar nymphs of R.fuscipes.The plot experiments showed that the control effects of eucalyptol,pyrzidone,and metartaria anisopliae(CQMa421)combined with R.fuscipes were 93.14%,91.22%,and 91.00%,respectively,which were better than using eucalyptol or R.fuscipes alone.

关 键 词：烟蚜 红彩瑞猎蝽 杀虫剂 毒力 防治效果 安全性评价 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]