新生儿床边胸部计算机X射线摄影及辐射防护方法  

Computer X-Ray Photography of Bedside Chest of Newborns and Radiation Protection Methods

作　　者：张际州[1] ZHANG Ji-zhou(Equipment Department,Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310007)

机构地区：[1]杭州市中医院医学装备部,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《中国医疗器械信息》2023年第13期83-85,共3页China Medical Device Information

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(项目名称:具有放射防护及智能曝光控制功能移动DR的设计与应用,项目编号:2021PY062)。

摘　　要：目的:讨论新生儿床边胸部计算机摄影的主要特点,探讨该方法有效成像方法,同时讨论必要的辐射防护措施,达到提高摄片成功率与影像质量、降低辐射伤害的目的。方法:选取2021年1月~2021年12月收治的20例进行床边胸部计算机X射线摄影的新生儿,采用临床与资料综合分析的方式分析X射线机应用于新生儿的特点,讨论摄影与辐射防护的必要注意事项与方法要点。结果:新生儿具有胸部软组织薄、肺含气量小、心胸比率大、心率快、纵隔宽、横隔高等诸多特点,在床边X射线机摄像时,配合DR系统进行全程化系统化的操作处理,同时兼顾辐射防护能取得高质量的影像学图像。结论:相较于成人X射线摄像,新生儿无论是胸部结构特殊,检查配合能力较低,因此在实际摄影工作当中,应严格投照方法,严格控制照射野以避免多余散射线,加装适当厚度的射线过滤片、合理调整照射剂量、规范使用影像设备,严格遵守操作规程以保证在获得高质量影像学图像的同时避免新生儿受到辐射影响。Objective:To discuss the main characteristics of bedside chest computer photography of newborns,explore the effective imaging method of this method,and discuss the necessary radiation protection measures,so as to improve the success rate and image quality and reduce radiation injury.Methods:20 newborns who underwent bedside chest computer X-ray photography from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected.The characteristics of the application of X-ray machine in newborns were analyzed by means of clinical and data comprehensive analysis,and the necessary precautions and methods of photography and radiation protection were discussed.Results:The newborn has many characteristics,such as thin chest soft tissue,small lung air content,large cardiothoracic ratio,fast heart rate,wide mediastinum,high diaphragm,etc.When taking X-ray photography at the bedside,it can obtain high-quality imaging images by cooperating with DR system for whole process and systematic operation and processing,taking into account radiation protection at the same time.Conclusion:Compared with adult X-ray photography,newborns have special chest structure and low inspection cooperation ability.Therefore,in the actual photography work,we should strictly control the projection method,strictly control the irradiation field to avoid redundant scattered rays,install appropriate thickness ray filter,reasonably adjust the irradiation dose and standardize the use of imaging equipment,strictly follow the operating procedures to ensure that the newborn is protected from radiation while obtaining high-quality impact images.

关 键 词：新生儿 床边X射线摄像 计算机X射线摄像 辐射防护 胸部结构分析 摄像要点 

分 类 号：TH774[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]