石化废水溶解性有机物的组成特征及生物毒性  

Dissolved organic matter in petrochemical wastewater:composition characteristics and biotoxicity

作　　者：张华 刘光全 张晓飞 李婷 ZHANG Hua;LIU Guangquan;ZHANG Xiaofei;LI Ting(CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environmental Technology,Beijing 102206,China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团安全环保技术研究院有限公司,北京102206 [2]石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《化工环保》2023年第4期534-540,共7页Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry

基　　金：中国石油研究与技术开发项目(2021DJ6604)。

摘　　要：分析了石化综合污水处理系统的运行情况,考察了丁苯橡胶废水的污染物组成与生物毒性对生产废水、气浮出水的影响。结果表明,在各类生产废水中,丁苯橡胶废水含盐、含N、含P且富含芳香类有机物,是导致生化处理单元受冲击、出水超标的主要原因;在生产废水、丁苯橡胶废水和气浮出水的溶解性有机物(DOM)中,亲水性有机物(HiM)的DOC占比分别为82%、60%和51%,疏水性有机物的DOC占比分别为18%、40%和49%。表征结果显示,丁苯橡胶废水与气浮出水中DOM的特征峰相似,主要污染物质同源。急性毒性分析结果表明,疏水中性有机物(HoN)的毒性最强,疏水酸性有机物(HoA)次之。建议对丁苯橡胶废水进行单独预处理,从源头上消减有毒物质的含量,减轻对后续生化单元的冲击。The operation of the integrated petrochemical wastewater treatment system was analyzed.The effects of pollutant composition and biotoxicity of styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)wastewater on the total influent and oil separation-air flotation effluent were investigated.The results indicate that among various production wastewater,SBR wastewater containing salt,N,P and aromatic organic compounds is the main reason for the impact of biochemical treatment units and the exceeding of effluent standards.In the dissolved organic matter(DOM)of production wastewater,SBR wastewater,and air flotation effluent,the(DOM)proportion of hydrophilic organic matter(HiM)is 82%,60%,and 51%,respectively,while the DOC proportion of hydrophobic organic matter is 18%,40%,and 49%,respectively.The characterization results show that the characteristic peaks of DOM in styrene butadiene rubber wastewater are similar to those in oil separation air flotation effluent,and the main pollutants are homologous.The acute toxicity analysis results indicate that hydrophobic neutral organic compounds(HoN)have the strongest toxicity,followed by hydrophobic acidic organic compounds(HoA).

关 键 词：石化废水 丁苯橡胶废水 溶解性有机物 疏水性有机物 急性毒性 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]