时域间隔感知测试在儿童听觉信息处理能力中的评估作用  

The Role of Gap Detection in Assessment of Auditory Information Processing Ability in Children

作　　者：赵锦秀 李晓艳[1] ZHAO Jinxiu;LI Xiaoyan(Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Shanghai Children’s Hospital,School of medcine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200062)

机构地区：[1]上海市儿童医院,上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,上海200062

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2023年第4期453-457,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

摘　　要：目的时域间隔感知测试(Temporal gap detection test)主要评估受试者的时间听觉加工能力,本研究主要是对听力正常的儿童和成人进行时域间隔感知测试,探索儿童在生长发育过程中听觉信息处理能力的变化和发展。方法本研究选取20岁~30岁的听力正常者15例(30耳),4岁~10岁的听力正常儿童70例(140耳),各年龄段10例(20耳),分别对其进行时域间隔感知能力测试,比较各组的时域间隔阈值(TGD thresholds,TGDs)。采用独立样本T检验对男童和女童的TGDs进行比较,以分析性别上的差异。采用独立样本T检验对儿童受试者不同耳别的TGDs进行比较,以分析耳别上的差异。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验听力正常成人组、7个年龄段儿童组的TGDs的差异,再通过Bonferroni校正法进行组间两两比较。结果①女童(72耳)的时域间隔阈值为6.48±7.49ms,男童(68耳)的时域间隔阈值为5.16±3.14ms,男女性别上无显著性差异(P=0.180>0.05)。②左耳(70耳)的时域间隔阈值为5.74±4.91ms,右耳(70耳)的时域间隔阈值为5.93±6.63ms,左右耳别上无显著性差异(P=0.884>0.05)。③听力正常成人组的时域间隔阈值为3.94±1.44ms,4岁儿童组的时域间隔阈值为13.06±12.52ms,5岁儿童组的时域间隔阈值为6.95±2.71ms,6岁儿童组的时域间隔阈值为4.55±1.06ms,7岁儿童组的时域间隔阈值为4.52±1.90ms,8岁儿童组的时域间隔阈值为4.12±1.80ms,9岁儿童组的时域间隔阈值为3.74±1.17ms,10岁儿童组的时域间隔阈值为3.92±1.65ms。④年龄4岁和5岁儿童组时域间隔阈值显著高于听力正常成人组和年龄≥6岁各儿童组(P<0.001)。⑤听力正常成人组和年龄≥6岁儿童各组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05)。⑥随着年龄增长,儿童组的时域间隔阈值呈下降趋势,6岁已接近成人水平。结论时域间隔感知能力测试在一定程度上反映了中枢听觉系统的信息处理能力,年龄≥6岁儿童的时域间隔阈值与成人相比无�Objective Temporal gap detection test mainly evaluates the temporal auditory processing ability.By conducting temporal gap detection tests on normal hearing children and adults,this study documents changes of auditory information processing ability in children's during growth and development.Methods Normal hearing young adults(20 to 30 years,n=15,30 ears)and children(4 to 10 years,n=70,140 ears)were divided into groups based on age(n=10,20 ears in each age group)and received temporal gap detection test.Temporal gap detection thresholds(TGDs)were compared among age groups.Independent Sample T-test was used to compare TGDs between boys and girls for gender differences,and between left and right ears for side differences.Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare TGDs among different age groups,and Bonferroni correction test was used for comparison between adults and children.Results Mean TGD was 6.48±7.49 ms in girls(72 ears)and 5.16±3.14 ms in boys(68 ears)(P=0.180>0.05).Mean TGD was 5.74±4.91 ms for the left ear and 5.93±6.63 ms for the right ear(P=0.884>0.05).Mean TGD was 3.94±1.44 ms in the adults,13.06±12.52 ms in the 4 years old,6.95±2.71 ms in the 5 years old,4.55±1.06 ms in the 6 years old,4.52±1.90 ms in the 7 years old,4.12±1.80 ms in the 8 years old,3.74±1.17 ms in the 9 years old,and 3.92±1.65 ms in the 10 years old children.TGDs in the 4 and 5 years old children were longer than in adults and children older than 6 years(P<0.001).TGDs were not significantly different between the adults and children≥6 years of age(P>0.05).TGDs in the children showed a trend of shortening along with age and approached the adult level at the age of 6.Conclusion Temporal gap detection test partly reflects information processing ability of the central auditory system.TGDs are not significantly different between children aged≥6 years and adults,indicating a central temporal resolution close to the adult level in these children.Temporal gap detection test can be an important index in evaluating auditory developm

关 键 词：时域间隔感知测试 儿童听觉发育 年龄 言语感知能力 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]