牛粪生物有机肥对甘蔗生长及蔗地土壤的影响  

Effects of Cow Manure Bio-organic Fertilizers on Sugarcane Growth and Soil in the Sugarcane Field

作　　者：钟德发 冯斌 陈家福 邓宇驰[2] 文长 刘恒见 ZHONG Defa;FENG Bin;CHEN Jiafu;DENG Yuchi;WEN Chang;LIU Hengjian(Laibin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laibin Branch of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Laibin,Guangxi 546100,China;Sugarcane Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]来宾市农业科学院/广西农业科学院来宾分院,广西来宾546100 [2]广西农业科学院甘蔗研究所/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室/农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2023年第6期1-7,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系广西甘蔗创新团队建设(No.nycytxgxcxtd-2021-03);广西农业科学院院市合作项目(No.2020YH11,No.2019YH13)

摘　　要：为探明牛粪生物有机肥对甘蔗生长及蔗地土壤的影响,设置3个处理:A为施生物有机肥,施肥量为4500 kg/hm^(2),其中基肥1500 kg/hm^(2),追肥3000 kg/hm^(2);B为施生物有机肥+复合肥,施肥量为生物有机肥3750 kg/hm^(2)+复合肥750 kg/hm^(2),其中基肥施生物有机肥1500 kg/hm^(2),追肥施生物有机肥2250 kg/hm^(2)+复合肥750 kg/hm^(2);C为常规施肥(CK),施肥量为复合肥2250 kg/hm^(2),其中基肥750 kg/hm^(2),追肥1500 kg/hm^(2)。试验结果表明:各处理的出苗率、分蘖率、病虫害发生率无显著差异;处理A的株高与对照相当,无显著差异,处理B的株高显著高于其他2个处理;A、B处理的蔗茎产量分别比对照高5.96%、10.73%,各处理间的差异均达显著水平;A、B处理的蔗糖分分别比对照高0.6%、0.3%,各处理间的差异不显著;除全氮含量外,A、B处理的其他各项土壤养分含量均高于对照,其中A处理的土壤有机质含量最高。A处理的有机质、速效氮、有效磷、速效钾、全磷、全钾含量土壤分别比对照高11.55%、1.87%、26.41%、15.14%、40.30%、6.10%,B处理的这些指标含量分别比对照高9.67%、3.67%、28.84%、18.65%、34.33%、8.81%;除速效氮、全钾含量外,A、B处理的其他指标均与对照的差异达显著水平,A、B处理间差异不显著。A、B处理砂粒含量比对照高,粘粒含量比对照低,其中A处理与对照差异显著,各处理的粉砂、粉粒含量差异不显著。A、B处理的土壤容重均比对照显著减小,A处理最小,A、B处理间差异不显著;A、B处理的土壤孔隙度显著比对照大,其中A处理最大,A、B处理间差异不显著;各处理的土壤含水量相当,差异不显著。综合考虑,B处理最优。To investigate the effects of cow manure bio-organic fertilizers(BOFs)on sugarcane growth and soil in the sugar-cane field,three treatments were set:A-applying BOFs(4500 kg·hm^(-2)),including 1500 kg·hm^(-2) base fertilizers and 3000 kg·hm^(-2) topdressings;B-application of BOFs(3750 kg·hm^(-2))+compound fertilizers(750 kg·hm^(-2)),the amount of fer-tilizer is BOFs+compound fertilizer,including 1500 kg·hm^(-2) BOFs for base fertilizers,2250 kg·hm^(-2) BOFs+750 kg·hm^(-2) compound fertilizers for topdressings;C-conventional fertilization(CK)with 2250 kg·hm^(-2) compound fertilizers,including 750 kg·hm^(-2) base fertilizer and 1500 kg·hm^(-2) topdressings.The results showed that there was no significant difference in emergence rate,tillering rate,and incidence of diseases and pests among different treatments;the plant height in A was similar to that in CK,but the plant height in B was significantly greater than that in the other two treatments;the sugarcane yield in A and B was 5.96%and 10.73%higher than that in CK,respectively,and the difference between treatments was significant;the sucrose content in A and B was 0.6%and 0.3%higher than that in CK,respectively,and the difference between treatments was not significant;except for total nitrogen,the content of other soil nutrients in A and B was higher than that in CK,and the soil organic matter in A was the highest.The organic matter,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total phosphorus,and total potassium content in A was 11.55%,1.87%,26.41%,15.14%,40.30%,and 6.10%higher than that in CK,respectively,while the content of these indexes in B was 9.67%,3.67%,28.84%,18.65%,34.33%,and 8.81%higher than that in CK.Except for available nitrogen and total potassium,the difference in other indexes between A,B,and CK was significant,but there was no significant difference between A and B.The content of sand in A and B was higher than that in CK,but the clay content was lower than that in CK,and there was a significant difference between A and

关 键 词：甘蔗 生物有机肥 产量 品质 土壤改良 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]