低压环境下固液混合燃料爆炸特性研究  

Study on explosion characteristics of solid-liquid mixed fuels in low pressure environment

作　　者：姚箭 白春华[2] 张弛[2] YAO Jian;BAI Chunhua;ZHANG Chi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu 210094,China;State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2023年第7期121-126,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(12102197)。

摘　　要：为研究高原低压环境下固液混合燃料的燃爆特性及反应机制,利用20 L爆炸球测试系统,以铝粉-乙醚和铝粉-乙醚-硝基甲烷2种固液混合燃料为研究对象,开展环境初始压力对爆炸峰值压力、爆炸质量浓度下限及爆炸产物的影响趋势研究。研究表明:2种固液混合燃料的最佳爆炸质量浓度、爆炸压力和爆炸危险性随环境压力的降低而降低;与零海拔相比,在模拟海拔4500 m处(57.4 kPa),450 g/m^(3)固液混合燃料的爆炸压力降低了26.84%~30.80%,爆炸质量浓度下限提高了5~10 g/m^(3);随着环境压力降低,爆炸气体产物一氧化碳(CO)体积分数增加,二氧化碳(CO_(2))、一氧化氮(NO)和二氧化氮(NO_(2))体积分数降低;爆炸固体残余物主要为α-氧化铝(α-Al_(2)O_(3))和铝(Al)。In order to study the combustion and explosion characteristics and reaction mechanism of solid-liquid mixed fuels under low pressure environment in plateau,two kinds of solid-liquid mixed fuels,aluminum powder-ether and aluminum powder-ether-nitromethane,were taken as the research objects by using 20 L explosion ball test system.The influence of initial pressure on explosion peak pressure,lower explosion mass concentration limit and explosion products was studied.The results show that the optimal explosion mass concentration,explosion pressure and explosion risk of the two solid-liquid mixed fuels decrease with the decrease of environmental pressure.Compared with the altitude of 0 m,at the simulated altitude of 4500 m(57.4 kPa),the explosion pressure of 450 g/m^(3)solid-liquid mixed fuel decreased by 26.84%-30.80%,and the lower explosion mass concentration limit increased by 5-10 g/m^(3).As the ambient pressure decreases,the volume fraction of CO increases,while the volume fractions of CO_(2),NO and NO_(2)decrease.The explosive solid residues are mainlyα-Al_(2)O_(3)and Al.

关 键 词：环境压力 固液混合燃料 爆炸特性 铝粉 爆炸质量浓度下限 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]