一种小型化GNSS高精度天线设计  

Design of a miniaturized GNSS high-precision antenna

作　　者：张闯 姚文杰 张捷 王晓辉 ZHANG Chuang;YAO Wenjie;ZHANG Jie;WANG Xiaohui(Harxon Corproration,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市华信天线技术有限公司,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《导航定位学报》2023年第4期31-37,共7页Journal of Navigation and Positioning

摘　　要：为了进一步满足全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)对高精度天线宽带化、小型化、低重量和高性能的需求,设计一款高精度平面振子天线:天线剖面高度仅20 mm、接地板直径90 mm,采用宽带振子方案设计,仅用一片介质基板即可实现1164~1300 MHz和1520~1610 MHz 2个频段的谐振,可解决常规振子天线剖面高度较高的问题;天线性能在整个频带内较为均衡,法向增益超过4.5 dBic,并且20°仰角增益优于-0.5 dBic;接地耦合枝节的引入可改善天线总增益前后比(FBR),FBR最高接近15 dB,可提高卫星终端接收机抗多路径能力;此外,接地耦合枝节上的寄生电流形成环形天线阵列,能够调控天线方向图,使得天线的低仰角增益得到提升。实验结果表明,该天线能够满足对GNSS L频段全频点的覆盖,可以实现高精度卫星定位功能。In order to further meet the requirements of broadband,miniaturization,low weight and high performance of highprecision antenna in global navigation satellite system(GNSS),the paper designed a high-precision planar dipole antenna:the antenna adopted a broadband dipole antenna form with a profile height of only 20 mm and a ground plate diameter of 90 mm,which achieved the resonance in the 1164~1300 MHz and 1520~1610 MHz frequency bands using only one dielectric substrate,to solve the problem of high profile of conventional oscillator antenna;and the antenna performance was fairly balanced across the frequency band,with a normal gain of over 4.5 dBic and a 20°elevation gain better than-0.5 dBic;furthermore,the introduction of grounding coupling branches could improve the total gain front to back ratio(FBR)of the antenna,the highest FBR was close to 15 dB,and the anti-multipath capability of the satellite terminal receiver could be enhanced;in addition,the parasitic currents on the grounded coupling branches formed a circular antenna array,which could regulate the antenna’s radiation pattern and improve the low elevation gain of the antenna.Experimental result showed that the designed antenna could cover all GNSS frequency in L band and realize high-precision satellite positioning function.

关 键 词：全球卫星导航系统(GNSS) 高精度天线 小型化 振子天线 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]