慢性病对农村老年人经济相对贫困的影响效应研究  

Study on the Effect of Chronic Diseases on the Relative Economic Poverty of the Elderly of Rural Areas in China

作　　者：叶贝 于长永[2] 刘一凤 李甜甜 YE Bei;YU Chang-yong;LIU Yi-feng;LI Tian-tian(Institute of Medical Insurance,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan Hubei,430073,China;School of Public Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan Hubei,430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学医疗保险研究所,武汉430073 [2]中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,武汉430073

出　　处：《西北人口》2023年第4期91-101,共11页Northwest Population Journal

基　　金：中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研创新平台能力建设项目《高水平基地平台建设项目》(2722023EJ019);2018年国家社科基金一般项目《慢性病对农村老年贫困影响的效应与机制研究》(18BSH050)。

摘　　要：文章基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据(CHARLS)2011年、2013年、2015年和2018年四期混合截面数据,以农村老年人家庭人均农业收入中位数的40%测量经济相对贫困,实证分析慢性病对农村老年人经济相对贫困的影响效应。结果显示:慢性病对农村老年人经济相对贫困有显著的负向影响,罹患慢性病不仅没有增加农村老年人的经济相对贫困风险,反而使他们陷入经济相对贫困的概率发生比降低了10.74%,农村老年人罹患慢性病的背后,并不仅仅是生活方式的负效应,而是农村老年人勤奋劳动损耗的身体再现。不同的慢性病对农村老年人经济相对贫困的影响存在显著差异,罹患血脂异常、心脏病和哮喘的农村老年人经济相对贫困发生风险越高,罹患关节炎、肾病和肺病的农村老年人的经济相对贫困风险越低。慢性病对农村老年人经济相对贫困的影响存在显著的个体差异。基于上述分析结论,文章的政策启示在于:积极看待慢性病带来的负面效应,慢性病发生的背后是农村老年人勤奋劳动的具体反映;政府出台相应的激励政策,鼓励农业生产技术的推广使用、提高农业生产机械化水平,有助于降低农业劳动对劳动力身体的损害,降低农业生产劳动导致的慢性病患病率;加强农村老年人甚至中青年人的健康体检,能够有效降低农村老年人慢性病的患病率,进而起到预防老年经济相对贫困的作用;慢性病的治理需要采取异质性的策略方能起到更好的效果。Based on the mixed cross-section data of China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey(CHARLS)in 2011,2013,2015 and 2018,this paper measured relative economic poverty by 40%of the median per capita agricultur⁃al income of rural elderly households,and empirically analyzed the impact of chronic diseases on relative economic poverty of the elderly in rural areas.The results show that:Chronic diseases have a significant negative impact on the relative economic poverty of the elderly in rural areas.Chronic diseases do not increase the risk of relative economic poverty of the elderly in rural areas,but reduce their probability of falling into relative economic poverty by 10.74%.Behind the chronic diseases of the elderly in rural areas is not only the negative effect of life style,while it is the physi⁃cal reproduction of the hard work worn out by the rural elderly.The influence of different chronic diseases on relative economic poverty of the rural elderly is significantly different.The higher the risk of relative economic poverty of the ru⁃ral elderly suffering from dyslipidemia,heart disease and asthma,the lower the risk of relative economic poverty of the rural elderly suffering from arthritis,kidney disease and lung disease.There are significant individual differences in the impact of chronic diseases on the relative economic poverty of the elderly in rural areas.Based on the above analysis,the policy implications of this paper are as follows:to treat the negative effects of chronic diseases positively,the occur⁃rence of chronic diseases is the concrete reflection of the rural elderly’s hard work.The government has issued corre⁃sponding incentive policies to encourage the popularization and use of agricultural production technology and improve the mechanization level of agricultural production,which can help reduce the damage of agricultural labor to the labor and reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases caused by agricultural production.Strengthening the health examination of the rural elderly and even

关 键 词：农村老年人 慢性病 经济相对贫困 影响效应 

分 类 号：F291.1[经济管理—国民经济]