西安市西瓜根结线虫成灾原因与综合防控措施  

Disaster Causes of Watermelon Root-knot Nematode and Its Comprehensive Prevention and Control Measures in Xi′an City

作　　者：魏佩瑶 潘嵩 刘晨 陈志杰 李英梅 WEI Peiyao;PAN Song;LIU Chen;CHEN Zhijie;LI Yingmei(Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Nematology,Xi′an Shaanxi 710043)

机构地区：[1]陕西省生物农业研究所/陕西省植物线虫学重点实验室,陕西西安710043

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第16期109-111,116,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2022NY-128);西安市科技局农业技术研发项目(21NYYF0024)。

摘　　要：根结线虫是危害西瓜生产的重要植物病原线虫。本文介绍了西安市西瓜根结线虫发生危害情况,分析了根结线虫的成灾原因,总结归纳出根结线虫成灾是其繁殖能力强、寄主范围广、生态适应性强等内因以及西瓜等易感品种种植面积大、轮作模式不合理、连作重茬和人为传播等外部因素综合作用的结果。在此基础上,本文提出了适宜西安地区推广应用的根结线虫综合防控措施,包括无病区的保护措施,以及发病区的垄沟式太阳能消毒、药剂处理土壤、合理轮作和健身栽培等防治措施。Root-knot nematode is an important plant pathogenic nematode that harms watermelon production.This paper introduced the occurrence and damage of watermelon root-knot nematode in Xi′an City,analyzed the disastercauses of root-knot nematode,and it was concluded that disasters were the result of internal factors such as strongreproductive capacity,wide host range,strong ecological adaptability,as well as external factors such as large plantingarea of susceptible varieties(such as watermelon),unreasonable rotation mode,continuous cropping and repeatedcropping,and human transmission.On this basis,this paper put forward the comprehensive prevention and controlmeasures of root-knot nematode suitable for the promotion and application in Xi′an area,including the protectivemeasures for disease-free areas,and the control measures for diseased areas,such as ridge and ditch solar disinfection,chemical treatment of soil,reasonable rotation and fitness cultivation.

关 键 词：西瓜 根结线虫 发生现状 成灾原因 综合防控措施 陕西西安 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]