盐源烟区植烟土壤主要养分丰缺评价  

Evaluation of Major Nutrient Abundance and Deficiency for Tobacco Planting Soils in Yanyuan Tobacco Area

作　　者：钟钏[1] 高勇 何光辉 李光正 杨日古 李祖锐 高峻[1] 伍德洋 阎轶峰[2] 凌爱芬[1] ZHONG Chuan;GAO Yong;HE Guanghui;LI Guangzheng;YANG Rigu;LI Zurui;GAO Jun;WU Deyang;YAN Yifeng;LING Aifen(Liangshan Branch,Sichuan Tobacco Company,Xichang Sichuan 615000;Institute of Tobacco Research,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei Anhui 230031)

机构地区：[1]四川省烟草公司凉山州公司,四川西昌615000 [2]安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第16期146-153,162,共9页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司四川省公司科技项目(SCYC202207、SCYC202209)。

摘　　要：为了研究盐源烟区土壤主要养分含量及植烟土壤适宜性,在盐源烟区取土壤样品30个,测定土壤主要养分含量,对植烟土壤养分状况和肥力适宜性进行直接评价。结果表明:盐源烟区大部分植烟土壤pH值在5.20~7.90,能够种植烤烟;土壤有机质平均含量处于中等水平;碱解氮分布不均,但基本能够满足烤烟生长需求;80%的土壤有效磷缺乏,需要注意增施磷肥;有50%的土壤缺钾,速效钾平均含量为155.87 mg/kg,勉强处于中等水平,需要注意增施钾肥;仅有13.34%的土壤钙含量处于丰富及以上水平,大部分区域均缺乏钙元素,需注意钙元素的补充;所有采样区域均处于缺镁状态,需要增加对镁元素的调控;56.67%的土壤有效锌含量处于中等及以下水平,需注意补充土壤锌元素;所有样品有效硼含量均处于中等及以下水平,土壤大面积缺硼;86.66%的土壤氯离子含量处于缺乏及以下水平,需注意补充氯元素。总体而言,盐源烟区大部分植烟土壤适宜种烟,但需要因地制宜地补充缺乏的元素,注意平衡施肥。In order to study the contents of major soil nutrients and the suitability of tobacco planting soils inYanyuan tobacco area,thirty soil samples were taken from Yanyuan tobacco area to determine the contents of major soilnutrients and to directly evaluate the nutrient status and fertility suitability of tobacco planting soils.The results showedthat the p H of most of the soils in Yanyuan tobacco area were in the range of 5.20 to 7.90,which allowed for thecultivation of flue-cured tobacco.The average content of soil organic matter was moderate.The distribution of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was uneven,but most of the areas could meet the needs of flue-cured tobacco growth.80% of thesoils were deficient in available phosphorus,and we need pay attention to increase phosphorus fertilizer.50% of the soilswere deficient in potassium,the average content of available potassium was 155.87 mg/kg,barely at a moderate level.Itwas necessary to pay attention to increasing the application of potassium fertilizer.Only 13.34% of the soils were rich orabove levels in calcium,most of the soils were deficient in calcium,and we need pay attention to the supplementation ofcalcium.All of the sampled areas were deficient in magnesium,and we need increase the regulation of magnesium.56.67% of the soils were moderate or below levels in available zinc,and we need pay attention to the supplementation of zinc.The available boron levels in all samples were moderate or below,and boron was deficient in large areas.86.66% ofthe soils were deficient or below levels in chloride ion content,and we need pay attention to supplementing chloride.Overall,most of the soils in Yanyuan tobacco area are suitable for tobacco growth,but it is necessary to supplement thedeficient elements according to the local conditions and pay attention to balanced fertilization.

关 键 词：烤烟 土壤 理化指标 四川盐源 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]