赣江吉安段氮磷指标时空变化特征浅析  

Analysis on Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Ji'an Section of Ganjiang River

作　　者：毛艳 罗晶玉 徐鹏 郎锋祥 唐晶晶 MAO Yan;LUO Jing-yu;XU Peng;LANG Feng-xiang;TANG Jing-jing(Hydrology&Water Resources Monitoring Center of the Middle Reaches of Ganjiang River,Ji'an,Jiangxi 343000,China;Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Hydrology&Ecology Monitoring and Research,Nanchang,330000,China)

机构地区：[1]赣江中游水文水资源监测中心,江西吉安343000 [2]鄱阳湖水文生态监测研究重点实验室,南昌330000

出　　处：《四川环境》2023年第4期134-140,共7页Sichuan Environment

基　　金：江西省水利厅2023年度水利科技项目(202324YBKT14);江西省水文监测中心2022年度青年科技创新基金资助项目(SWJJ-KT202208)。

摘　　要：为研究赣江吉安段近年来水质时空变化特征,以期为河流污染治理提供具有针对性和指导性依据。以2014~2021年主要污染指标:氨氮、硝酸盐氮、总磷水质监测数据为基础,采用综合污染指数法、季节性肯达尔检验法分析赣江吉安段氮磷含量时空变化特征及趋势,结果表明:(1)氮磷含量逐年下降,水质总体呈由劣转优趋势;(2)2019年之后,氮磷污染有了质的改善,说明“河长制”推行取得一定的成效;(3)氨氮受工业污水排放点源和农业肥水面源双重影响;硝酸盐氮主要来源于水体内源污染;总磷主要来源于降水淋滤的面源污染。后期应注意控制人为因素的影响,优化产业结构,加强水体保持与修复,控制点源与面源污染。In order to study the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of water quality in the Ji'an section of the Ganjiang River in recent years,to provide a targeted and instructive basis for river pollution control,based on the water quality monitoring data of the main pollution indicators ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,and total phosphorus from 2014 to 2021,the comprehensive pollution index method and the seasonal Kendall test method were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and trends of nitrogen and phosphorus content in the Jiangji'an section of Gangjiang river.The results showed that:(1)the nitrogen and phosphorus content was decreasing year by year,and the water quality generally showed a trend from poor to excellent;(2)after 2019,the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution had improved qualitatively,indicating that the implementation of the"River Chief System"had achieved certain results;(3)Ammonia nitrogen was affected by both industrial sewage discharge point sources and agricultural fertilizer surface sources;nitrate nitrogen mainly came from internal water pollution;total phosphorus mainly came from the surface of precipitation leaching source pollution.In the later stage,attention should be paid to control the influence of human factors,optimize the industrial structure,strengthen the maintenance and restoration of water bodies,and control point and non-point source pollution.

关 键 词：水质评价 综合污染指数法 季节性肯达尔检验法 相关性分析 赣江吉安段 氮磷指标 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]