保留STL模型特征细节的3D打印自适应分层算法  

Adaptive Layering Algorithm for 3D Printing with Stereolithography Model Feature Details Retained

作　　者：弋英民[1] 李迎国 刘柏均 苑易伟 李艳恺 张新雨[1] 解瑞东[2] 李哲行 YI Yingmin;LI Yingguo;LIU Bojun;YUAN Yiwei;LI Yankai;ZHANG Xinyu;XIE Ruidong;LI Zhexing(School of Automation and Information Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China;School of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学自动化与信息工程学院,西安710048 [2]西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院,西安710048

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2023年第8期105-114,共10页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(62103327);陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2020ZDLGY06-01)。

摘　　要：针对传统的3D打印自适应分层算法存在计算过程复杂、无法消除阶梯效应影响、不能保留模型特征以及特征容易丢失等问题,提出了一种改进的保留STL模型特征细节的自适应分层算法。该算法首先判断模型当前层是否含有显著特征边;然后针对当前层含有显著特征边的情况,通过相邻2个三角网格法矢量的夹角来适应性确定层厚,对不含显著特征边的情况,利用三角网格法矢量与成型方向的夹角来自适应确定层厚,对于模型存在特征偏移的情况,则通过相邻切平面封闭曲线个数变化来适应性地确定层厚;最后将上述3种情况下自适应层厚的最小值作为当前分层的依据。研究结果表明:对于所采用的恐龙模型,所提算法不仅很好地保留了模型的细节特征,而且显著提升了模型成型质量;与基于三角面片法的矢量自适应分层算法和仅保留模型特征的自适应分层算法相比,所提算法的模型精度分别提升了28.6%和31.7%。该算法减小了阶梯效应以及模型特征丢失和偏移对打印质量的影响,提高了模型的打印精度。An improved adaptive layering algorithm with STL model feature details retained is proposed for problems of the traditional adaptive layering algorithm for 3D printing,such as complicated calculation,inability to eliminate the influence of the step effect on the model,failure to retain model features,and easy loss of model features.The improved algorithm first determines whether the current layer contains significant feature edges.It then adaptively determines the layer thickness by the angle between the two adjacent triangular mesh vectors for the case with such edges,by the angle between the triangular mesh vector and the forming direction for the case without such edges,and by the change in the number of closed curves in the adjacent tangent planes for the case where the model has feature offsets.Finally,the minimum value of the adaptive layer thickness in the above three cases is used as the basis for the current layering.The results show that,for the adopted dinosaur model,the proposed algorithm not only retains the detailed features of the model,but also significantly improves the modeling quality;the proposed algorithm has an accuracy 28.6%and 31.7%,respectively,higher than that of the vector adaptive layering algorithm based on the triangular slice method and the adaptive layering algorithm that only retains the model features.The algorithm reduces the influence of step effect and model feature loss and offset on the printing quality,improving the model printing accuracy to a certain extent.

关 键 词：3D打印 STL模型 自适应分层 模型特征细节 三角网格 

分 类 号：TM715[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]