走出“点石斋”:近现代中国新闻摄影实践流变与话语生成  

Stepping Out of"Dianshizhai":Evolution of Modern Photojournalism Practice and Discourse Generation

作　　者：董卫民 DONG WEI-min(School of Journalism and Communication,Communication University of Zhejiang,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江传媒学院新闻与传播学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《编辑之友》2023年第8期89-95,共7页Editorial Friend

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题一般项目“二十世纪前半叶浙籍摄影家研究”(21NDJC115YB);浙江省教育科学规划课题“延安时期根据地摄影教育机制建构及其当代影响研究”(2021SCG206)。

摘　　要：从西法石印到铜锌制版,再到照相印刷技术,走出《点石斋画报》,历经《真相画报》《北洋画报》《良友》画报,及至《晋察冀画报》等,中国近现代图像新闻实践经历了从手绘到摄影的形式转向、商业画报勃兴与新闻摄影专业化探索,及救亡话语下叙事内容从人文地理到战地影像的纪实流变。晚清民国大变局历史时期的图像新闻生产实践中,摄影艺术家、新闻摄影家等在技术更迭、救亡图存等框架下,围绕视觉形式,依托媒体和叙事内容等,对美术新闻性、新闻摄影“主象”“典型”、记录“活的历史”等进行了深入探索。他们在新闻摄影审美性、证史观、价值观等方面的知识生产,围绕陈述对象、陈述主体、核心概念及陈述策略等话语生成规则,构建了近现代中国新闻摄影话语。Driven by western lithography,copper-zinc printing and photo-printing technology,stepping out of Dianshizhai Illustrated Newspaper,and evolving from Truth Illustrated Newspaper,to Beiyang Illustrated Newspaper,to Good Friends Pictorial Newspaper,and to Jinchaji Pictorial,Modern Chinese image news practice has shifted from hand painting to photography;has experienced the rise of commercial pictorial and professional exploration of news photography and the documentary evolution of narrative content under national salvation discourse from human geography to battlefeld image.During the historical period of"Great Change"from the Late Qing Dynasty to the period of the Republic of China,in image news generation,photography artists,news photographers,under the frameworks of technology,national salvation,explored"art journalism","main image""quintessence","recording living history"and etc..in news photography.Their knowledge production including the aspects of aesthetics,history concept and values of news photography,which formed the rules of discourse composition based on discourse object,presentation mode,concept continuity and theme selection,led to the construction of modern Chinese news photography discourse.

关 键 词：图像新闻 新闻摄影 实践流变 话语生成 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]