车辆内装结构标准化设计及现车不开孔研究  

Standardized Design of Vehicle Interior Structure and Research on Non-opening in Existing Vehicles

作　　者：周亮 郭敬军 龚子奕 ZHOU Liang;GUO Jingjun;GONG Ziyi(Design Department of Qingdao Sifang Kawasaki Rolling Stock Technology Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛四方川崎车辆技术有限公司设计部,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2023年第4期125-129,共5页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：轨道交通车辆内装部件及电气设备采用紧固件安装在车体骨架上,虽然保证了装配精度,但装配工艺复杂,施工时间长,同时,安装过程中为消除车体骨架和内装部件之间的误差,存在现车开孔的情况。现车往往需要开孔,在开孔的过程中存在误伤管线的风险,而且未清理干净的铁屑损伤电线会导致电气设备存在短路的安全隐患。文章介绍了各种可行的代替现车开孔的设计方法,并在此基础上,对既有车型现车开孔部位进行了梳理、分析,选用合理的内装零部件安装方式来吸收误差,优化结构设计,如精简垫片、紧固件等,为车辆内装结构标准化设计提供参考依据。内装结构的标准化是内装结构模块化设计的核心,可大大提高设计和装配效率。内装部件按照标准件、标准尺寸制造,可以满足使用的灵活性,通过“积木式”的组装方式,降低车辆组装对环境和设备条件的要求,使得整个车辆生产工艺和后期维修作业变得简单、实用。The internal parts and electrical equipment of rail transit vehicles are installed on the body skeleton with fasteners.Although this method ensures the assembly accuracy,the assembly process is complicated and the construction is time-consuming.In addition,in order to eliminate the error between the car body skeleton and the interior components,these installation processes requires to open holes in the existing vehicle.There is a risk of accidental injury to the pipeline in the process of opening the hole,and the uncleaned iron filings will damage the wire and cause the safety hazard of short circuit of the electrical equipment.This paper introduces various feasible design methods to replace opening holes in the existing vehicles,and analyzes the opening parts of existing vehicles on this basis,selects reasonable installation methods of internal parts to reduce errors,optimizes structural design,simplifies gaskets,fasteners and other materials,and provides reference for standardized design of internal structure of vehicles.Standardization of interior structure can not only greatly improve the efficiency of design and assembly,but also acts as the core of modular design of interior structure.The internal parts are manufactured according to standard parts and standard sizes,which can meet the requirements flexibility and variability.Through the concept of“building block”assembly,the requirements of vehicle assembly on environment and equipment conditions are reduced,and the whole vehicle production process and later maintenance operations become simple and rapid.

关 键 词：铁道车辆 内装结构 制造误差 标准化设计 模块化 现车不开孔 现车开孔 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]