压缩空气泡沫参数对高温重质油储罐灭火效率影响的研究  

Study on Fire Extinguishing Efficiency of High Temperature Heavy Oil Storage Tank with Compressed Air Foam Parameters

作　　者：焦金庆 吴京峰 郎需庆 尚祖政 牟小冬 Jiao Jinqing;Wu Jingfeng;Lang Xuqing;Shang Zuzheng;Mou Xiaodong(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety Shandong,Qingdao,266104;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Qingdao,266104)

机构地区：[1]化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266104 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266104

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2023年第8期24-28,共5页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：中国石化科技部项目(323030),基于含氟聚合物的抗溶环保泡沫灭火剂研发;中国石化科技部项目(321101),基于改性有机硅表面活性剂的环保泡沫灭火剂制备;中国石化科技部项目(319022),高温重质油储罐正压式干泡沫灭火技术研究。

摘　　要：针对高温重质油储罐采用压缩空气泡沫灭火系统设计时,缺少关键灭火参数的问题,通过在高温重质油储罐上进行压缩空气泡沫灭火实验,考察泡沫灭火剂发泡倍数、25%析液时间、供给强度、泡沫加入量对扑灭高温重质油火灾的影响,确定了高温重质油储罐的灭火参数。结果发现,扑灭高温重质油储罐火灾,应使用发泡倍数大于10,25%析液时间大于12 min的泡沫灭火剂,供给强度应大于5.0 L/(min·m^(2)),油罐无沸溢时的最大泡沫加入量为8.2 L/m^(2)。本研究将为高温重油储罐压缩气体泡沫灭火系统的设计奠定理论基础和实验依据,有助于提升我国扑灭高温重质油储罐火灾的处置能力。Aiming at the lack of key fire extinguishing parameters in the design of compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for high temperature heavy oil storage tank,the various compressed air foam fire ex-tinguishing experiments were carried out on the high temperature heavy oil storage tank.The effects of ex-pansion,25%drainage time,supply intensity and a-mount of foam extinguishing agent on extinguishing high temperature heavy oil fire were investigated by using compressed air foam extinguishing system,and the fire extinguishing parameters of high temperature heavy oil storage tank were determined.The results found that for high temperature heavy oil tank fire,foam extinguisher with expansion greater than 10,25%drainage time greater than 12 min should be used.The minimum strength of foam supply should be greater than 5.0 L/(min·m^(2)),and the maxi-mum foam supply without boiling over was 8.2 L/m^(2).This study will lay a theoretical and experimental ba-sis for the design of compressed gas foam fire extin-guishing system of high temperature heavy oil storage tank,and will be helpful to improve the disposal abil-ity of extinguishing the fire of high temperature heavy oil storage tank in China.

关 键 词：高温重质油储罐 压缩空气泡沫灭火系统 沸溢 火灾 泡沫灭火剂 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]