交流伺服式机械压力机及其关键技术探讨  

Discussion on AC servo mechanical press and its key technologies

作　　者：景乔 赵升吨[2,3] 丘铭军 胡慧婧 李坤[2] 高景洲 张宗元 写旭 陈超[3] 任芋见 张超 JING Qiao;ZHAO Sheng-dun;QIU Ming-jun;HU Hui-jing;LI Kun;GAO Jing-zhou;ZHANG Zong-yuan;XIE Xu;CHEN Chao;REN Yu-jian;ZHAGN Chao(Advanced Catalysis Center of Physics and Chemistry Research Institute,College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730013,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Light Alloy Research Institute,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710018,China;SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545007,China;Xi’an Aerospace Power Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学化学化工学院物理化学研究所先进催化中心,甘肃兰州730013 [2]西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049 [3]中南大学轻合金研究院,湖南长沙410083 [4]中国重型机械研究院股份公司,陕西西安710018 [5]上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司技术中心,广西柳州545007 [6]西安航天动力机械有限公司,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《重型机械》2023年第4期1-11,共11页Heavy Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合重点基金项目(U1937203);国家自然科学基金面上项目(NO.52275373);国家自然科学基金青年项目(NO.52105397);陕西省秦创原专项项目(NO.L2022-QCYZX-GY-010);西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室开放研究项目(1991DA105206);湖南省“湖湘高层次人才”项目(2021RC5001)。

摘　　要：论述了制造业是中国的治国之本、兴国之器、强国之基,而先进的装备制造业是我国当前与未来重点的发展领域。分析了机器由机械本体系统与电气控制系统组成,而机械本体系统分别由动力源、传动部件和工作机构组成,明确指出直驱与近零传动是未来机器的发展方向。对比分析了交流异步电动机与交流永磁同步伺服电动机的优缺点,指出交流永磁同步伺服电动机是机械压力机的理想动力源。第三代锻压设备的交流伺服式机械压力机及其驱动与传动的三种典型方式分别为小型压机用丝杠-带轮式、中型压机用带轮-偏载丝杠-肘杆式、大中型压机则采用带轮-多级齿轮-曲柄滑块式。分析了国内外伺服压力机的产品现状,中大吨位的伺服压力机常采用多个交流伺服同步电动机共同驱动的方式。对交流伺服式机械压力机的关键技术进行了探讨,为我国伺服压力机追赶国际先进水平奠定坚实的基础。This paper briefly discusses that the manufacturing industry is the basis of the foundation of governance,the tool of rejuvenation,and the foundation of a strong country,and the advanced equipment manufacturing industry is our country current and future development domain.The paper analyzes that the machine is composed of mechanical body system and electrical control system,and the mechanical body system consists of power source,transmission parts and working mechanism.Furthermore,it is clearly pointed out that direct drive and near-zero drive are the development directions of the future machine.The advantages and disadvantages of AC asynchronous motor and AC permanent magnet synchronous servo motor are compared and analyzed,and the AC permanent magnet synchronous servo motor is the ideal power source of mechanical press.In addition,the three typical of the driving and transmission structures of the third-generation forging equipment AC servo mechanical presses are respectively lead screw-belt wheel type small press,belt pulley-offset load lead screw-elbow type medium press,and belt pulley-multi-stage gear-crank slider type large and medium press.The present situation of servo presses at home and abroad is analyzed,and it shows that the servo presses with large tonnage are often driven by multiple AC servo synchronous motors.Finally,the key technology of AC servo mechanical press is discussed.These have established the solid foundation for our country servo press to catch up with the international advanced level.

关 键 词：伺服压力机 传动方式 交流伺服同步电动机 动力源 工作机构 

分 类 号：TG385.1[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]