新能源汽车用304不锈钢液化天然气瓶体多道次对轮强力柔性旋压工艺研究  

Research on multi-pass and coupling wheels flexible spinning process of LNG bottle body with 304 stainless steel for new energy vehicle

作　　者：申宇星 朱成成 胡慧婧 蒋红 李帆 曹学文 杨延超 张昊天 徐洪忠 赵升吨[1] SHEN Yu-xing;ZHU Cheng-cheng;HU Hui-jing;JIANG Hong;LI Fan;CAO Xue-wen;YANG Yan-chao;ZHANG Hao-tian;XU Hong-zhong;ZHAO Sheng-dun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Engineering Mechanical,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China;SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Liuzhou 545007,China;Xi’an Aerospace Power Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049 [2]长安大学工程机械学院,陕西西安710054 [3]上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司技术中心,广西柳州545007 [4]西安航天动力机械有限公司,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《重型机械》2023年第4期55-61,共7页Heavy Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合重点基金项目(U1937203);国家自然科学基金面上项目(NO.52275373);陕西省秦创原专项项目(NO.L2022-QCYZX-GY-010);湖南省“湖湘高层次人才”项目(2021RC5001)。

摘　　要：为了解决新能源汽车车载液化天然气气瓶304不锈钢筒体传统的板材卷焊加工工艺存在焊缝的问题,提出多道次对轮强力柔性旋压工艺,针对20 mm厚的304不锈钢筒坯开展了多道次对轮强力柔性旋压过程的数值模拟和试验研究。利用ABAQUS软件对多道次对轮强力柔性旋压工艺进行了有限元模拟,对每道次加工之后坯料的成形结果精度进行了观察,并分析了旋压过程中的材料塑性变形行为与旋压力。通过验证试验对有限元数值模型的准确性进行了评估。结果表明:在五道次对轮旋压成形过程中,前三道次的加工精度较高,后两道次的精度较低,误差标准偏差在0.07以下,壁厚均匀,筒体内外侧应力–应变呈对称分布,旋压力最大值出现在旋压第一道次,最大径向力为278.84 kN、最大轴向力为120.85 kN、最大切向力为10.63 kN。通过试验验证,模拟结果与旋转压力值之间的误差始终保持在30%以下,表明多道次对轮强力柔性旋压工艺是合理的。In order to solve the problem of weld seam in the traditional coil welding process of the drum plate of 304 stainless steel LNG(liquefied natural gas)bottle body for new energy vehicle,a multi-pass counter-wheel strong flexible spinning process is proposed,and the numerical simulation and experimental research of the multi-pass counter-wheel strong flexible spinning process is carried out for the 20 mm thick 304 stainless steel billet.The finite element model of multi-pass pair wheel strong flexible spinning was constructed by finite element numerical simulation,and the accuracy of the forming results of the blank after each pass of processing was observed,and the plastic deformation behavior and rotation pressure of the material during the spinning process were analyzed.The accuracy of the finite element numerical model was evaluated by validation tests.The results show that in the five-pass rotary forming process,the machining accuracy of the first three passes is high,the machining accuracy of the last two passes is low,and the standard deviation of error is below 0.07,the wall thickness is uniform,and the stress-strain in the outer side of the cylinder is symmetrically distributed.The maximum rotational force occurs in the first pass of spinning,the maximum radial force is 278.84 kN,the maximum axial force is 120.85 kN,and the maximum tangential force is 10.63 kN.Through verification tests,it is found that the error between the simulation and the rotational pressure value is always kept below 30%,which shows that the multi-pass counter-wheel strong flexible spinning process is reasonable.

关 键 词：新能源汽车 对轮旋压 304不锈钢 旋压力 塑性变形 

分 类 号：TG306[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]