全电飞机用无刷直流电机的设计与有限元分析  

Design and finite element analysis of brushless DC motors for all electric aircraft

作　　者：李明怡 李昕涛[1] 王珂 LI Ming-yi;LI Xin-tao;WANG Ke(Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Heavy Machinery,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学重型机械教育部工程研究中心,山西太原030024

出　　处：《重型机械》2023年第4期89-95,共7页Heavy Machinery

摘　　要：针对全电飞机驱动用电机高功率密度与高效率的设计要求,结合其巡航状态下的运行工况要求与现代永磁电机的设计理论,分析确定了永磁无刷直流电机的定转子尺寸、极槽配合、定子槽形、永磁体结构等,并基于Ansoft Maxwell软件对电机的二维模型进行了参数化建模,同时对设计过程中根据经验公式选取的部分参数进行了扫描分析;然后对电机进行了基于电路与磁场耦合的空载状态下电磁特性的有限元分析,重点分析了磁通密度分布、磁力线分布、三相反电势以及齿槽转矩波形图;最后通过改变转子的斜极分段数来降低齿槽转矩的最大幅值,最终转矩波动削弱效果显著。电磁分析与优化的结果表明,电机的设计方案合理,且各项电磁性能满足设计与运行要求,为全电飞机驱动用电机的技术发展提供了一定的指导和借鉴。To the design requirements of high power density and high efficiency for electric motors used for driving all electric aircraft,combined with the operating conditions under cruising conditions and the design theory of modern permanent magnet motors,the size of the stator and rotor,pole slot fit,stator slot shape,permanent magnet structure,etc.of the permanent magnet brushless DC motor were analyzed and determined.The two-dimensional model of the motor was parameterized using Ansoft Maxwell software,at the same time,some parameters selected based on empirical formulas during the design process were scanned and analyzed.Then,a finite element analysis was conducted on the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor under no-load state based on circuit and magnetic field coupling,with a focus on analyzing the magnetic flux density distribution,magnetic field line distribution,three-phase back electromotive force,and cogging torque waveform.Finally,by changing the number of oblique pole segments of the rotor,the maximum amplitude of the cogging torque is reduced,and the final torque fluctuation is significantly weakened.The results of electromagnetic analysis and optimization show that the design scheme of the motor is reasonable,and all electromagnetic performance meets the design and operation requirements,which provides certain guidance and reference for the technical development of electric motors driving all electric aircraft.

关 键 词：全电飞机 无刷直流 场路耦合 参数化建模 斜极分段优化 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]