城镇居民不同收入群体消费习惯的差异研究——基于具有习惯效应的面板ELES模型  

Study on the Difference of Consumption Habits of Different Income Groups of Urban Residents

作　　者：吴学品[1] 马永俊 Wu Xuepin;Ma Yongjun(College of Economics,Hainan University,Haikou Hainan 570228)

机构地区：[1]海南大学经济学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《沈阳师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期84-90,共7页Journal of Shenyang Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BJL047)。

摘　　要：有效融合ELES模型、效用函数和外部习惯理论,可以构建具有外部习惯效应的面板ELES模型,实证分析现阶段高、中收入群体对低收入群体在各类消费支出的外部习惯效应及在不同收入地区的主动需求和被动需求大小。研究结果表明:第一,高、中收入群体在食品、居住、交通和文教的外部习惯效应较强,在衣着、医疗和家庭设备的外部习惯效应较弱,且中等收入群体的外部习惯效应要都强于高收入群体的外部习惯效应。第二,当收入差距处于较低水平时,外部习惯效应对城镇居民消费影响较大,可支配收入影响较小;当收入差距持续拉大时,可支配收入对城镇居民消费影响也会随之增强,此时外部习惯效应的影响强度会相应减弱。第三,就主动需求和被动需求而言,总体上存在主动需求大于被动需求;就不同收入群体而言,高收入群体对各类消费支出的需求影响(包含主动需求和被动需求)大于中等收入群体;就地区整体需求而言,高收入地区需求最大,中等收入地区次之,低收入地区需求最小。By effectively integrating the ELES model,the utility function and the external habit theory,a panel ELES model with external habit formation is constructed,and the demonstration effect of the high and middle-income groups on the low-income group in various consumption expenditures at the current stage is empirically analyzed.Physiological needs and demonstrative needs.Research indicates:Firstly,The demonstration effects of the high-income group and the middle-income group are stronger in food,housing,transportation,and culture and education,while the demonstration effects in clothing,medical care,and home furnishings are weaker,and the demonstration effects of the middle-income group are stronger than those of the high-income group.external habit effects.Secondly,combining the external habits of various consumptions and the marginal propensity to consume,when the income gap is at a low level,the formation of external habits becomes the main factor affecting the average consumption expenditure of urban residents.The influence of the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents is also gradually increasing.Thirdly,as far as physiological needs and external needs are concerned,there are generally more physiological needs than external needs;for different income groups,the impact of high-income groups on various consumption expenditures(including physiological needs and external needs)is greater than that of middle-income groups.Group:in terms of regional demand differences,high-income areas>middle-income areas>low-income areas.

关 键 词：消费结构 外部习惯形成 面板ELES模型 城镇居民消费 

分 类 号：F222[经济管理—国民经济]