基于SURF的小波域自适应水印算法  

Adaptive watermarking algorithm based on SURF in wavelet domain

作　　者：李帅 龙华[1,2] 杜庆治 马迪南[2] 周筝 梁昌侯 LI Shuai;LONG Hua;DU Qingzhi;MA Dinan;ZHOU Zheng;LIANG Changhou(Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Media Convergence,Kunming 650228,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省媒体融合重点实验室,云南昆明650228

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2023年第17期70-76,共7页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61761025);云南省媒体融合重点实验室开放基金资助项目(320225403)。

摘　　要：数字水印技术作为信息隐藏的分支领域,是进行数字版权保护的有效手段。针对水印嵌入强度的不确定性问题,同时为增强水印抵抗旋转攻击的能力,提出一种基于加速鲁棒特征(SURF)的小波域自适应水印算法。首先,对原始载体图像进行两级离散小波变换(DWT),提取低频子带进行奇异值分解(SVD);然后对水印图像进行奇异值分解,利用加性嵌入规则将水印图像的奇异值矩阵叠加到原始载体图像的奇异值矩阵中,再经过逆变换即可得到含水印载体图像;利用加速鲁棒特征算法对经过旋转攻击的含水印载体图像进行旋转校正。对于嵌入强度不确定性,构建适应度函数,利用麻雀搜索算法(SSA)对其寻优进而达到水印嵌入强度自适应的目的。实验结果表明,含水印的载体图像有良好的不可感知性,峰值信噪比(PSNR)在40 dB以上。所提算法对于常见的水印攻击具有较强的鲁棒性,归一化相关系数(NC)大多都在0.98以上。As a subfield of information hiding,the digital watermarking technology is an effective means for digital copyright protection.In view of the uncertainty of watermark embedding strength and the purpose of strengthening the watermark′s resistant ability to rotation attack,an adaptive watermarking algorithm in wavelet domain based on speeded⁃up robust feature(SURF)is proposed.Two⁃stage discrete wavelet transform(DWT)is performed on the original carrier image,and low⁃frequency sub⁃band is extracted for singular value decomposition(SVD).Then the watermark image is subjected to the singular value decomposition.The singular value matrix of the watermark image is superimposed on the singular value matrix of the original carrier image by the additive embedding rule,and then the watermarked carrier image can be obtained by inverse transformation.Rotation correction of watermarked carrier image subjected to rotation attack is performed by SURF algorithm.For the uncertainty of embedding strength,a fitness function is constructed,and the sparrow search algorithm(SSA)is used to optimize it to achieve the purpose of watermark embedding strength self⁃adaptation.The experimental results show that the watermarked carrier image has good imperceptibility,and its peak signal⁃to⁃noise ratio(PSNR)is above 40 dB.The proposed algorithm is robust to common watermark attacks,and most of the normalized correlation coefficients(NC)are above 0.98.

关 键 词：数字水印 小波变换 加速鲁棒特征 麻雀搜索算法 离散小波变换 奇异值分解 

分 类 号：TN911.73-34[电子电信—通信与信息系统] TP391[电子电信—信息与通信工程]