云南省小麦育成品种成株期抗条锈性评价及重要抗条锈基因的分子检测  

Assessment of stripe rust resistance at adult plant stage and molecular detection of important Yr genes of wheat commercial cultivars in Yunnan

作　　者：何迟 丁明亮[2] 李明菊[1] 秦世宏 王琼仙 殷慧莲 LI Ming-ju*;HE Chi;DING Ming-liang;LI Ming-ju;QIN Shi-hong;WANG Qiong-xian;YIN Hui-lian(Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China;Food Crops Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China;Extension Center of Agricultural Technology of Shizong County,Qujing,Yunnan 655700,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所/云南省农业跨境有害生物绿色防控重点实验室,云南昆明650205 [2]云南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]师宗县农业技术推广中心,云南曲靖655700

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2023年第4期1055-1064,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090003,202102AE090014,202302AE090011)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确云南省小麦主要育成品种抗条锈性及重要抗条锈基因的分布状况,为抗病育种及品种合理布局提供依据。【方法】采用田间自然鉴定法,于2019—2022年连续3年分别在云南省小麦条锈病常年重发区昆明市嵩明县和曲靖市师宗县2个试验点对73个云南小麦育成品种及拟检测的抗条锈近等基因系进行成株期抗条锈性评价;利用分子标记检测Yr5、Yr9、Yr10、Yr15、Yr17、Yr18和Yr26等重要抗条锈基因在供试品种中的分布状况。【结果】在73个供试品种中,凤麦34田间表现高抗,占供试品种的1.4%;墨巴66、云麦34、凤麦39、云麦56、云麦68、云麦110、云麦112、滇麦7号、云麦80和云麦83等10个品种表现慢锈,占供试品种的13.7%;其余62个品种表现感病,占供试品种的84.9%。73个供试品种中均未检测到Yr5和Yr15基因,其中,42个品种(占57.5%)检测到Yr9基因,17个品种(占23.3%)检测到Yr17基因,11个品种(占15.1%)检测到Yr18基因,7个品种(占9.6%)检测到Yr26基因,5个品种(占6.8%)检测到Yr10基因。【结论】云南省小麦育成品种整体抗条锈性水平较低,对少数表现慢锈且生产上仍在利用的品种,如云麦56、云麦68、云麦110、云麦112、滇麦7号、云麦80和云麦83等,建议在生产上加大应用。云南省小麦育成品种主要携带的抗条锈基因有Yr9、Yr17、Yr18、Yr26和Yr10等,但抗性均已失效,应压缩应用或与其他有效抗病基因聚合使用,并引入当前有效的抗条锈基因Yr5和Yr15到云南小麦生产品种中。【Objective】This paper was designed to analyze the resistance to stripe rust and distribution of important Yr genes in major wheat commercial cultivars inYunnan,so as to provide information for resistance breeding and cultivars rational deployment.【Method】Using natural identification in the field,this study carried out the resistance assessment at adult plant stage to stripe rust of 73 wheat commercial cultivars and Yr near-isogenic lines for detection,at two sites of wheat stripe rust in Songming County of Kunming City and Shizong County of Qujing City from 2019 to 2022 for 3 wheat growing seasons continuously.And the distribution of the important stripe rust resistance genes such as Yr5,Yr9,Yr10,Yr15,Yr17,Yr18 and Yr26 in these cultivars were detected by molecular marker detection.【Result】Among the 73 tested cultivars,Fengmai 34 showed highly resistant,accounted for 1.4%.Ten cultivars Moba 66,Yunmai 34,Fengmai 39,Yunmai 56,Yunmai 68,Yunmai 110,Yunmai 112,Dianmai 7,Yunmai 80 and Yunmai 83 showed slow rusting,accounted for 13.7%.The other 62 cultivars showed susceptible,accounted for 84.9%.None of cultivars carried Yr5 and Yr15 genes among the 73 tested cultivars;42 cultivars carried Yr9 gene,accounted for 57.5%;17 cultivars carried Yr17 gene,accounted for 23.3%;11 cultivars carried Yr18 gene,accounted for 15.1%;7 cultivars carried Yr26 gene,accounted for 9.6%;5 cultivars carried Yr10 gene,accounted for 6.8%.【Conclusion】The resistance level to stripe rust of wheat commercial cultivars in Yunnan is relatively low.A few cultivars that show slow rusting and are used currently in wheat production,such as Yunmai 56,Yunmai 68,Yunmai 110,Yunmai 112,Dianmai 7,Yunmai 80 and Yunmai 83,are suggested to be enlarged application.Five resistance genes against stripe rust(Yr9,Yr17,Yr18,Yr26,and Yr10)are contained in Yunnan commercial cultivars,they are ineffective now and should be reduced their application or combined with other effective genes.It is suggested to introduce the current effective genes Yr5 and Yr15

关 键 词：小麦品种 成株期 抗性评价 抗条锈基因 分子检测 云南省 

分 类 号：S435.121.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]