天冬氨酸酶的催化特性及应用进展  

Catalytic properties and application progress of aspartase

作　　者：李冉 贾振华[1] 宋聪[1] 张翔 黄媛媛[1] LI Ran;JIA Zhenhua;SONG Cong;ZHANG Xiang;HUANG Yuanyuan(Institute of Biology,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院生物研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《河北省科学院学报》2023年第4期16-21,33,共7页Journal of The Hebei Academy of Sciences

基　　金：河北省科学院科技计划项目(2020031506)。

摘　　要：天冬氨酸酶(aspartase,Asp)是一种裂合酶,能够催化L-天冬氨酸与富马酸间的可逆反应,在微生物氮代谢中发挥着重要作用。天冬氨酸酶也是一种重要的生物催化剂,可用于L-天冬氨酸及其衍生物、β-丙氨酸等氨基酸的合成。综述了细菌中天冬氨酸酶的结构、理化性质及催化机理,讨论了天冬氨酸酶在制备L-天冬氨酸及其衍生物、β-丙氨酸的进展。天冬氨酸酶的结构及催化机理的解析,为扩大其底物范围,生产种类丰富的L-天冬氨酸衍生物奠定了理论基础。Aspartase,a type of lyase,plays an important role in microbial nitrogen metabolism by catalyzing the reversible reaction between L-aspartic acid and fumaric acid.Aspartase is also an important biocatalyst,which can be used for L-aspartic acid and its derivatives,synthesis of amino acids such as β-alanine.The structure,physicochemical properties,and catalytic mechanism of aspartase in bacteria are comprehensively reviewed in this paper.In addition,the progress in the preparation of L-aspartic acid and its derivatives,as well as β-alanine,using aspartase is discussed.The analysis of the structure and catalytic mechanism of aspartase lays a theoretical foundation for expanding its substrate range and producing a variety of L-aspartic acid derivatives.

关 键 词：天冬氨酸酶 富马酸 L-天冬氨酸 Β-丙氨酸 生物催化 

分 类 号：Q814[生物学—生物工程]