硫化矿内现场混装乳化炸药自燃自爆影响因素分析  

Analysis of influencing factors of spontaneous combustion and spontaneous explosion of on-site mixed emulsion explosive in sulfide ore

作　　者：邸云信 冯超 DI Yun-xin;FENG Chao(China Society of Explosives and Blasting,Beijing 100070,China;Shougang Mining Corporation,Tangshan 064404,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国爆破行业协会,北京100070 [2]首钢集团有限公司矿业公司,河北唐山064404

出　　处：《工程爆破》2023年第4期138-142,共5页Engineering Blasting

摘　　要：针对硫化矿内存在现场混装乳化炸药自燃自爆的问题,通过化学反应机理分析、组分接触性试验以及装药实践,研究了影响现场混装乳化炸药在含硫矿内装药自燃自爆的因素及原因,主要针对炮孔环境特性、硝铵组分与矿岩接触、敏化组分与矿岩接触等进行深入研究。结果表明:酸性潮湿环境对孔内装药自燃自爆影响较大,游离的硝酸铵组分以及敏化组分在该环境下极易发生放热反应造成热积累。在试验研究的基础上提出了通过优化乳化基质配方、精确调节快速敏化组分的浓度及添加量、改善乳化基质W/O结构等解决问题措施,研究结果可为硫化矿爆破工程提供理论依据。Aiming at the problem of spontaneous combustion and self-explosion of on-site mixed emulsion explosive in sulfide ore,through the analysis of chemical reaction mechanism,component contact test and charging practice,the factors and causes affecting the spontaneous combustion and self-explosion of on-site mixed emulsion explosive in sulfur-containing ore are studied.The characteristics of the borehole environment,the contact between the ammonium nitrate component and the ore rock,the contact between the sensitized component and the ore rock are studied in depth.The results show that the acidic and humid environment has a great influence on the spontaneous combustion and explosion of the charge in the hole.The free ammonium nitrate component and the sensitized component are prone to exothermic reaction and heat accumulation in this environment.On the basis of experimental research,some measures to solve the problem were put forward,such as optimizing the formula of emulsified matrix,accurately adjusting the concentration and addition amount of rapid sensitizing components,and improving the W/O structure of emulsified matrix.The research results can provide theoretical basis for sulfide ore blasting engineering.

关 键 词：硫化矿 现场混装炸药 自燃自爆 乳化炸药 矿岩反应 接触试验 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]