桃抗再植病障碍砧木中桃抗砧1号的选育  

A replantation disease resistant new peach rootstock cultivar Zhong Tao Kang Zhen No.1

作　　者：王力荣[1] 王新卫[1] 朱更瑞[1] 方伟超[1] 陈昌文[1] 曹珂[1] 李勇[1] 吴金龙 王玲玲 牛棚 WANG Lirong;WANG Xinwei;ZHU Gengrui;FANG Weichao;CHEN Changwen;CAO Ke;LI Yong;WU Jinong;WANG Linging;NIU Peng(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第8期1766-1770,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：河南省重大公益专项(201300110500);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2023-ZFRI-01);国家桃产业技术体系(CARS-30-1-04)。

摘　　要：中桃抗砧1号是中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所经过40 a(年)优异种质发掘、杂交育种和多区多点试验等研究,育成的桃多抗砧木新品种,亲本为96-7-6(红寿星×乐园)与红根甘肃桃1号。中桃抗砧1号树势健壮,树姿半开张,具有抗桃树再植障碍、抗土壤南方根结线虫、耐旱、耐贫瘠等特点,与各种桃品种嫁接亲和性好,苗木整齐、健壮,建立了其无性繁殖技术体系,在桃产业可持续发展方面有广阔应用前景。Due to the short economic life of peach trees,most peach orchards require annual renewal.Thus,we need to overcome the obstacles of peach tree replanting disease.At the same time,we also lack of asexual resistant rootstocks for standardized orchard establishment in the peach industry.We started the breeding program of multi-resistance rootstock since the 1980s.Through multi-generation hybridizations,a replantation disease and Meloidogyne incognita resistant rootstock was released.Zhong Tao Kang Zhen No.1 is a multi-resistance rootstock cultivar,selected from the population between 96-7-6 and Hong Gen Gan Su Tao 1 that were crossed in 1999.The female parent 96-7-6 comes from the population Beijing 2-7× Le Yuan crossed in 1996,and Hong Gen Gan Su Tao 1 was selected from wild resources of Prunus kansuensis in 1981.The female parent Beijing 2-7 were selected from the seedlings of the cross population of Hakuho× Hong Shou Xing.The Zhong Tao Kang Zhen No.1 has 34.23% long bearing branches,27.93% medium bearing branches,30.63% short bearing branches,0.90% bouquet bearing branches,and 6.31% apprentice bearing branches;annual flowering branches have medium anthocyanin color development,6.07 mm flowering branch thickness,60.5 flower buds per m,and 2.20 cm internode length.The chilling requirement is about 400 h.In Zhengzhou,flowering starts around 12 March,with an early flowering period that lasts 10 days.The flowers are showy,with orange-red anthers and lots of pollen,and are self-compatibility.The fruit matures at mid to late July and the shape is round with little color,acidic flavor and free stone.Zhong Tao Kang Zhen No.1 has good grafting compatibility with various peach varieties,high root resistance to replanting disorders and southern root knot nematodes,and is drought and infertile tolerant.It has strong resistance to replanting obstacles in both sandy and clayey heavy crops and is characterized by fast growth,vigorous growth,non-yellowing leaves and a well-developed root system,with no significant effects on fru

关 键 词：桃 多抗砧木 中桃抗砧1号 抗再植障碍 抗南方根结线虫 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]