果桑新品种楚椹1号的选育  

Breeding report of a new fruit mulberry cultivar Chushen 1

作　　者：李勇[1] 黄锦 于翠[1] 莫荣利[1] 朱志贤 董朝霞 胡兴明[1] 邓文[1] LI Yong;HUANG Jin;YU Cui;MO Rongli;ZHU Zhixian;DONG Zhaoxia;HU Xingming;DENG Wen(Cash Crops Research Institute,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,武汉430064

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第8期1784-1787,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0065);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18)。

摘　　要：楚椹1号是由竹山3号×粤诱78号杂交选育出的中熟果桑新品种。果实黑色,椭圆形,风味酸甜适中,口感好,平均单果质量4.9 g,最大单果质量5.02 g。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)10.7%~13.4%,可滴定酸含量5.01~11.50 g·kg^(-1),花青素含量1 562.6~1 996.7 mg·kg^(-1),品质优。在武汉地区(北纬29°58′~31°22′、东经113°41′~115°05′)花期3月下旬,果实4月下旬成熟,花芽率93%~97%,坐果率91%~98%,单芽果数6~8粒,成枝力较强。越冬枝条冻枯率为2.2%,菌核病发病率1.41%,具有较强的抗寒性和抗菌核病能力。桑椹属于浆果类果实,皮薄多汁不耐贮藏。适合长江流域栽培,第2年开花结果,第3年即可进入盛果期。Chushen 1 is a medium-season ripening and fruit-purposed mulberry variety with excellent appearance.The seedling was derived from a cross between Zhushan3 and Yueyou78 in 1994 at the experimental field.From 1995 to 1999,we investigated the persistent biological characteristics and identified the chromosome ploidy of the hybrid progeny,and selected the superior single plant coded No.94032.From 2000 to 2010,we investigated its stability,specificity and propagation methods,and in 2011,a comparative nursery was established for systematic observation and identification.In 2016,multi-site regional trials(situated in Wuhan,Shiyan and Xiaogan) were conducted and named Chu Fruit No.1,and in 2022 it was approved by the Hubei Province Variety Examination and Approval Committee.Chushen 1 tree is more erect with compact crown,moderate tree vigor,long and straight branches and strong rooting ability,and it can be propagated by cuttings.The internode distance is 3.5-5.0 cm,leaf order is 2/5 or 3/8,branch bark is gray purplish red,and lenticel is elliptic,gray white and scattered symmetry.The winter buds are triangular,and red and purple flowers are adnate;the accessory buds are few and remarkable.The leaves are elliptic,20-25 cm in length and 1.8-22.0 cm in width.They are green,with a short tail-like tip and a serrated edge,a shallow heart-shaped base,and a dense hairy vein with female flowers.The fruit of Chushen 1 is black,oval,moderate sweet and sour flavor,which had a good taste,The average fruit weight was 4.9 g,and the maximum fruit weight was 5.02 g.The content of soluble solid is 10.7%-13.4%,the content of titratable acid is 5.01-11.50 g·kg^(-1),the content of anthocyanin is 1 562.6-1 996.7 mg·kg^(-1),and it has excellent quality.The fruit ripens in late April in Wuhan area(29°58'-31°22'N,113°41'-115°05'E).The flower bud rate is 93%-97%,the fruit set rate is 91%-98%,the number of fruit per bud is 6-8,and the branch-forming ability is strong.The incidence of freezing blight and sclerotinia sclerotiorum is 2.2% and

关 键 词：果桑 新品种 楚椹1号 

分 类 号：S663.2[农业科学—果树学]