班公湖流域水化学特征及主控因素分析  

HYDROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND MAIN CONTROLLING FACTORS IN BANGONG LAKE BASIN

作　　者：黄峻川 严步青 刘沛 HUANG Jun-chuan;YAN Bu-qing;LIU Pei(Applied Geology Research Center,CGS,Chengdu 610036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局应用地质研究中心,四川成都610036

出　　处：《地质与资源》2023年第4期453-461,479,共10页Geology and Resources

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目“喀纳-尼苏综合地质调查”(DD20211580).

摘　　要：通过班公湖流域水资源调查、数据采集与分析,运用数理统计、水化学分析方法综合研究流域水化学特征及主控因素.结果表明:水化学类型河水以HCO_(3)-Ca型水为主、湖水以Cl·SO_(4)-Na·Mg型水为主、地下水以HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg型水为主.河水和地下水形成过程中主要受碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩控制,湖水主要受蒸发结晶作用控制.湖水中Na^(+)、Cl^(-)、K^(+)来源于降雨、蒸发岩溶解以及其他含钾钠矿物溶解;河水以及地下水中的Na^(+)、Cl^(-)、K^(+)主要来源于蒸发岩溶解;各水体中的Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、SO_(4)^(2-)来源于碳酸盐岩矿物和石膏溶解,其中河水和地下水中的Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)主要来源于碳酸盐岩矿物溶解.地下水中的Na^(+)、K^(+)与含水层或土壤中的Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)发生离子交换作用.Based on the survey,data collection and analysis of water resources in Bangong Lake Basin,the hydrochemical characteristics and main controlling factors of the area are studied through mathematical statistics and hydrochemical analysis.The results show that the HCO_(3)-Ca type water is dominated in river,Cl·SO_(4)-Na·Mg type water in lake and HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg type water in groundwater in terms of hydrochemical types.The formation of river water and groundwater is mainly controlled by carbonate rocks and silicate rocks,and the lake water by evaporation-crystallization.The Na^(+),Cl^(-)and K^(+)in lake water are derived from precipitation,evaporite dissolution and dissolution of other potassium-sodium minerals,while those in river water and groundwater mainly come from evaporite dissolution.The Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2-) in all water bodies are from the dissolution of carbonate rock minerals and gypsum,among which the Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)in river water and groundwater mainly originate from the dissolution of carbonate rocks.There is ion exchange action of Na^(+)and K^(+)in groundwater with Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)in aquifer or soil.

关 键 词：水化学 蒸发岩 班公湖 西藏 

分 类 号：P592[天文地球—地球化学]