东晋南朝时期的农田水利与中国南方经济区域划分  

Agricultural Water Conservancy in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties and the Formation of Economic Regions in Southern China

作　　者：李彦楠 Li Yannan

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系(珠海)

出　　处：《农业考古》2023年第4期70-78,共9页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：中央高校基本业务费中山大学历史学系(珠海)青年教师团队项目“中古至近代东亚视野下的国家资源管理研究”(项目编号:2023qntd63)资助。

摘　　要：东晋南朝政权开启中国古代经济重心南移过程。以往学者根据不同标准对东晋南朝经济区域提出不同划分方式。东晋南朝经济区域的开发与形成,兴建农田水利不仅是地方经济建设的重要工程,也是古代国家治理能力、治理方式的重要体现。据此考察东晋南朝有效控制范围与农田水利设施,王朝可以划分为长江三角洲平原、江汉平原、洞庭湖平原、鄱阳湖平原、四川盆地、延边诸郡、东南沿海及珠江、赣江、湘江沿线。前五者均属长江流域,是典型的经济区,构成王朝财赋所出;延边诸郡主要为对北方战争服务,农田水利兴废与战争有密切关系;四川盆地对王朝经济的支持作用则相对有限。东南沿海与珠江、赣江、湘江等南方水系区域更接近由据点构成的交通线路,主要承担广州与长江中下游平原的沟通任务,该区域鲜见农田水利兴修记载,不同线路在经济发展上存在竞争关系。The Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties initiated the important process of shifting the center of economic from north to south in ancient China.Previous scholars have proposed different ways of dividing the economic regions of the southern China in Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties according to different criteria.In the development and formation of economic regions during the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties,the agricultural water conservancy was not only important for local economic construction,but also an important manifestation of the national ability and way of governance.According to it,the economic regions of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties can be divided into the Yangtze River Delta plain,Jianghan plain,Dongting Lake plain,Poyang Lake plain,border areas,the southeastern coast and basins along the Zhujiang River,Ganjiang River and Xiangjiang River.The former five ones were all parts of the Yangtze River watershed,typical economic regions,the source of the dynasties’financial resources;border areas mainly served the war against the north,and the rise of agricultural water conservancy were closely related to the war;the Sichuan basin had a relatively limited role in supporting the dynasties’economy.The southeast coast and the southern waterways of the Zhujiang River,Ganjiang River,and Xiangjiang River were closer to the transportation routes constituted by strongholds,and were mainly responsible for the communication among Guangzhou and the plains of the middle and lower Yangtze River.Documents for agricultural water conservation were rarely found and there existed competition among different watersheds in terms of economic development.

关 键 词：农田水利 户籍 东晋南朝 区域结构 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学]