钢铁废水溶解性有机物解析及其对反渗透膜的污染行为  

Analysis of dissolved organic compounds in steel wastewater and fouling behavior of reverse osmosis membrane

作　　者：崔阳丽 孙慧芳 贺占超 郑利军[2] 胡鑫[2] 李剑锋 许召赞 CUI Yangi;SUN Huifang;HE Zhanchao;ZHENG Lijun;HU Xin;LI Jianfeng;XU Zhaozan(Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Taiyuan Iron&Steel Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030003,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学资源与环境工程研究所,太原030006 [2]山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司能源动力总厂,太原030003

出　　处：《化学工业与工程》2023年第3期63-73,共11页Chemical Industry and Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0408605);国家自然科学基金(21908136);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0099);山西省重点研发计划(201903D321054)。

摘　　要：针对钢铁废水深度处理工艺中超滤-反渗透处理单元反渗透膜元件有机污染问题,采用大孔吸附树脂分离法,将反渗透进水中的溶解性有机物进行分离,得到分别含疏水碱性有机物、疏水酸性有机物、疏水中性有机物和亲水性有机物的4个组分,对其进行组成分析并探究其对反渗透膜的污染行为。其中,亲水性有机物含量最高、疏水中性有机物含量最低。与亲水性有机物相比,疏水性有机物分子中含有更丰富的芳香结构或其他共轭结构,疏水酸性有机物芳香化程度最高。疏水中性有机物与膜表面疏水-疏水相互作用导致其易于在膜表面吸附,造成的通量衰减率最高,且水力清洗通量恢复率最低。含亲水性有机物组分造成的通量衰减率仅次于疏水中性有机物组分,因其有机物浓度较高、含亲水性有机物亲水性基团与膜表面氢键作用易于导致膜污染,而膜表面水力剪切作用有利于降低亲水性有机物污染层厚度和透水阻力。因此,疏水中性有机物和亲水性有机物是造成膜污染主要的溶解性有机物。可通过优化反渗透系统进水预处理工艺,强化去除疏水中性有机物和亲水性有机物,有望更高效地减轻反渗透膜污染。Various dissolved organic matters(DOM)in the feed water of reverse osmosis system leads to serious membrane fouling in the advanced treatment of steel wastewater.They were separated into four types of water samples using macroporous adsorption resin,which contained hydrophobic bases(HOB),hydrophobic acids(HOA),hydrophobic neutrals(HON)and hydrophilic substances(HIS),respec-tively.DOM composition of each water sample and membrane fouling behavior were investigated.The content of HIS is the highest,and content of HON is the lowest.The hydrophobic DOM contain more aro-matic rings or conjugated structures than HIS.The aromatization degree of HOA is higher than that of HOB and HON.HON is prone to be adsorbed on the membrane surface due to their hydrophobic interac-tion,leading to membrane fouling.HON led to the highest flux decline and lowest flux recovery rate after hydrocleaning of the fouled membrane.HIS led to second-highest flux decline after HON,because its highest content and hydrogen-bond interaction with membrane surface promote membrane fouling,while the hydraulic shear force on membrane surface helps to reduce the thickness and resistance of fouling lay-er.Therefore,HON and HIS played a dominant role in membrane fouling caused by DOM.The effective removal of HON and HIS could be intensified by optimizing the pre-treatment of feed water of reverse os-mosis system,which could cut down the membrane fouling.

关 键 词：钢铁废水 溶解性有机物 树脂分离 反渗透 膜污染 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]