若尔盖湿地生态资产保护与利用  

Protection and Utilization of Eco-Asset in Ruoergai Wetland

作　　者：傅斌[1] 王新宇 FU Bin;WANG Xinyu(KMS Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2023年第8期42-49,共8页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目“若尔盖国家湿地公园生态资产核算与价值实现机制研究”(No.2022YFS0470);国家自然科学基金项目“基于级联过程的生态系统服务流”(No.32071664);四川省哲学社会科学规划重大项目“四川筑牢长江黄河上游生态屏障目标体系与建设路径研究”(No.SC22ZDYC20)。

摘　　要：若尔盖湿地是我国面积最大的高寒泥炭湿地,其生态价值具有全球意义。文章回顾了若尔盖湿地生态系统结构和功能的相关研究,并结合遥感数据对湿地生态资产的构成和变化情况进行了分析,提出若尔盖高原湿地的生态资产构成应包含水、土和生物三部分,而若尔盖湿地生态保护与利用面临湿地面积减小、生态系统服务下降、碳汇功能减弱、人为破坏未得到有效修复等问题。三生空间重叠和国家公园建设加剧了牧区与保护区的人地关系矛盾,若盖尔地区社会高质量发展和环境高水平保护面临挑战,建设从重塑牧区人地关系、构建高原新型城乡关系、建立新型社区关系、完善生态补偿机制、开发综合性修复技术等方面加强若尔盖湿地生态资产的科学保护与利用。Ruoergai wetland is the largest alpine peat wetland in China,and its eco-value is of global significance.This paper reviews the relevant research on the structure and function of the wetland ecosystem in Ruoergai,and analyzes the composition and change of the wetland eco-asset based on remote sensing data,it is suggested that the composition of eco-asset in Ruoergai alpine wetland should include water,soil and organism;however,the ecological protection and utilization of Ruoergai wetland are faced with problems such as the decrease of wetland area,the decline of ecosystem services,the weakening of carbon sink function,and man-made damage has not been effectively repaired.The overlapping of production space,living space and eco-space and the construction of national parks have intensified the contradiction between the man-land relationship between pastoral areas and protected areas,which challenges the high-quality social development and high-level environmental protection in Ruoergai region.This paper suggests to strengthen the scientific protection and utilization of the eco-asset of Ruoerge wetland from the aspects of remodeling the relationship between pastoral people and land,building a new urban-rural relationship on the plateau,establishing a new community relationship,improving the eco-compensation mechanism,and developing comprehensive restoration technology.

关 键 词：高寒湿地 生态资产 生态系统服务 生态补偿 人地关系 研究进展 若尔盖湿地 

分 类 号：F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学] F205