哀牢山国家级自然保护区楚雄州片区水青树群落结构及保护研究  

Community Structure and Conservation Strategies of the Tetracentron sinense in Chuxiong Prefecture of the Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve

作　　者：李根会 覃忠义 罗文富[1] 李函 邓松波 尹光华 覃家理 LI Gen-hui;QIN Zhong-yi;LUO Wen-fu;Li Han;DEND Song-bo;YIN Guang-hua;QIN Jia-li(Chuxiong Administration and Conservation Bureau of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve,Chuxiong,Yunnan 675000;Southwest Forestry University,School of forestry,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224)

机构地区：[1]云南哀牢山国家级自然保护区楚雄管护局,云南楚雄675000 [2]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2023年第2期39-44,共6页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：2021年中央财政林业改革发展资金项目——保护区生物多样性持续监测(云林函[2021]254号)。

摘　　要：为给哀牢山国家级自然保护区楚雄州片区水青树(Tetracentron sinense)群落保护和管理提供科学依据,对保护区辖区9块水青树群落样地进行了结构调查。结果表明:该区域水青树群落有95科184属273种维管束植物,主要由壳斗科(Fagaceae)、山茶科(Theaceae)、杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)的物种组成,其群落物种组成丰富,成分较为复杂;水青树群落乔木层优势物种为变色锥(Castanopsis wattii),水青树为群落建群树种,灌木层优势种为无量山箭竹(Fargesia wuliangshanensis),草本层优势种为黑鳞耳蕨(Polystichum makinoi);层间层以毛狭叶崖爬藤(Tetrastigma serrulatum var.puberulum)等木质藤本为主;水青树群落属于结构较完整、物种组成较复杂的栎类次生群落,其正处于向地带性优势群落演替中,对水青树繁殖更新不利;水青树种群的密度较低,仅为39株•hm^(-2),种群龄级结构不完整,属于衰退型种群。针对辖区内水青树群落特征和种群结构不容乐观的现状,保护区应深入开展水青树生态学以及濒危机制研究,并进行物种就地保护和扩繁栽培,适当增加野外种群数量。In order to study and effectively protect the community of Tetracentron sinense in the Chuxiong prefecture of the Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve,the community structure and population status of T.sinense were analyzed through the investigation of 9 sample plots in Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve.The results showed that 273 species of vascular plants in 184 genera and 95 families were recorded in the community,which were mainly composed of Fagaceae,Theaceae and Ericaceae,indicating a rich and complex composition of species.The dominant species in the tree layer is Castanopsis wattii,T.sinense is the establishment species of the community.The dominant species in the shrub layer is Fargesia wuliangshanensis,and the dominant species in the herbaceous layer is Polystichum makinoi.Woody vines,such as Tetrastigma serrulatum var.puberulum,dominate the interbedded layer.The community belongs to the secondary oak forest community with complete structure and complex species composition,and is in the succession to zonal dominant tree community,which is not conducive to the reproduction and renewal of T.sinense.T.sinense has low population density in the community,only 39 plants•hm^(-2),and its population age class structure is incomplete,indicating a declining population.Given the unoptimistic situation of community characteristics and population structure of T.sinense in the area,the reserve bureau should carry out in-depth research on its ecological characteristics and endangered mechanism,promote its in situ conservation and propagation cultivation,while appropriately increase the number of its wild population.

关 键 词：国家级自然保护区楚雄州片区 水青树 群落结构 物种多样性 种群现状 

分 类 号：S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学]