抗菌药物致白细胞减少76例回顾性分析  

Retrospective Analysis of 76 Cases of Antibacterial-induced Leukopenia

作　　者：刘泽清[1] 李冬妹[1] 李丹[1] 吴敏江[1] 薛梅[1] LIU Zeqing;LI Dongmei;LI Dan;WU Mingjiang;XUE Mei(Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital,Huizhou Guangdong 516001,China.)

机构地区：[1]惠州市中心人民医院,广东惠州516001

出　　处：《药品评价》2023年第5期588-591,共4页Drug Evaluation

摘　　要：目的探讨抗菌药物致白细胞减少的规律和特点,为临床用药安全提供参考。方法收集惠州市中心人民医院2018—2022年报告至国家药品不良反应监测中心的不良反应为抗菌药物相关白细胞减少的病例,对患者性别、年龄、可疑药物、临床症状、诱导时间、治疗措施、转归等进行统计分析。结果共纳入病例76例,18~64岁年龄段居多,占65.79%,男女比例2.17∶1;涉及药品9类,16种,以β-内酰胺类酶抑制剂复合制剂最多(46例,58.97%),其中哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠(26例)最为常见。抗菌药物诱导白细胞减少的程度主要分布在(1.01~3.00)×109/L,少数患者合并发热等症状。经过停药或对症治疗后,所有患者白细胞水平在5 d内得到改善。结论临床应重视抗菌药物致白细胞减少的监测,早发现、早处理,确保用药安全。Objective To investigate the regular pattern and characteristics of antibacterial-induced leukopenia,so as to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic practice.Methods The cases of antibacterial-induced leukopenia reported to the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Platform from 2018 to 2022 in Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital were collected.The gender,age,suspected drug,induction time,clinical manifestation,treatment,outcomes were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 76 cases of antibacterial-induced leukopenia were collected,with a male to female ratio of 2.17:1,18~64 years old patients accounted for 65.79%.Nine types of drugs(16 categories)were involved,46 cases(58.97%)were caused byβ-lactam enzyme inhibitor compound preparations.The top drugs were piperacillin/tazobactam(26 cases).The decrease of WBC ranged 1.01~3.00×109/L,and few patients were complicated by fever and other symptoms.After drug withdrawal or symptomatic treatment,all patients had improved WBC within 5 days.Conclusion Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring about antibiotics-induced leukopenia,early detection and early treatment,to ensure the securely drug application in clinic.

关 键 词：白细胞减少 药物相关性副作用和不良反应 抗菌药 用药安全 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]