一种新型二维声子晶体的低频带隙特性及其形成机理  

Low-Frequency Band Gap of Novel Two-Dimensional Phonon Crystal and Its Formation Mechanism

作　　者：胡培洲 赵静波[1] 刘红[1] 张晓生 韩东海 姚宏[1] 张广军[1] HU Peizhou;ZHAO Jingbo;LIU Hong;ZHANG Xiaosheng;HAN Donghai;YAO Hong;ZHANG Guangjun(Fundamentals Department,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710051,China)

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学基础部,西安710051

出　　处：《人工晶体学报》2023年第8期1432-1440,共9页Journal of Synthetic Crystals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11504429);国家科技重大专项(J2019-IV-0014-0082)。

摘　　要：本文设计了一种新型的二维声子晶体结构,采用有限元法和等效模型法进行了深入研究,发现该结构具有良好的低频吸声性能。通过理论推导和仿真计算发现,在21 mm的晶格常数条件下,该结构在0~800 Hz具有完整的四条带隙。第一带隙下限低至40.28 Hz,且具有约为93 Hz的带宽,计算其传声损失后,发现其在低频域内具有良好的隔声效果,最大隔声量可达87.31 dB。对该结构的多个振动模态分析,建立相应的等效模型,并基于等效模型探究了不同因素对带隙频段造成的影响,总结出该新型二维声子晶体的一般性规律。研究结果表明,增大散射体密度和减小基体密度可以增加带宽,增大填充率和对散射体适当进行开孔处理可以改善带隙特性。该研究对于解决低频噪声控制问题具有一定参考意义和工程应用价值。A new two-dimensional phonon crystal structure was designed and studied deeply by finite element method and equivalent model method.It is found that the structure has good low-frequency sound absorption performance.Through theoretical derivation and simulation calculation,it is found that the structure has a complete four band gap within 0~800 Hz under the condition of lattice constant of 21 mm.The lower limit of the first band gap is as low as 40.28 Hz,and the bandwidth is approximately 93 Hz.Sound transmission loss calculation shows that the structure has a good acoustic insulation effect in the low frequency domain,and the maximum sound insulation amount can reach 87.31 dB.After analyzing the multiple vibration modes of the structure,the corresponding equivalent model is established,and the influence of different factors on the band gap is explored based on the equivalent model.The general regularities of the new two-dimensional phonon crystal are summarized.The results show that increasing the scatterer density and reducing the matrix density can increase the bandwidth,and increasing the filling rate and properly opening the scatterer can improve the band gap characteristics.The research may provide some ideas for solving low-frequency noise control problems in engineering application.

关 键 词：声子晶体 局域共振 带隙机理 低频降噪 隔声 散射体 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理] TH113.1[理学—声学]