交/直流电缆电场对绝缘及运行特性的影响  

Influence of Electric Field on Insulation and Operating Characteristics of AC/DC Cables

作　　者：李天平 滕玉平[1] 牛荣泽 周微微[1] 张志丰[1] 邱清泉[1,2] 肖立业 LI Tianping;TENG Yuping;NIU Rongze;ZHOU Weiwei;ZHANG Zhifeng;QIU Qingquan;XIAO Liye(Key Laboratory of Applied Superconductivity,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences),Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Electric Power Research Institute,State Grid Henan Electric Power Company,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院应用超导重点实验室(中国科学院电工研究所),北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院,郑州450052

出　　处：《电线电缆》2023年第4期46-51,共6页Wire & Cable

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(51721005);国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(5400-202224157A-1-1-ZN)。

摘　　要：以交联聚乙烯(XLPE)绝缘电缆为例,分析了绝缘介质微观结构对载流子在不同电场下运动规律的不同影响,讨论了交/直流电缆绝缘介质中的电场分配机制,在综合考虑微观载流子与陷阱的耦合机制中,进一步讨论了影响绝缘稳定性与电缆运行稳定性的主要因素。基于此,总结了交/直流电缆绝缘及其运行特性的主要区别,结果表明:电缆绝缘介质微观载流子在工频交流电场和稳恒电场下的不同响应,决定了交/直流电缆绝缘特性和运行特性的显著差异,空间电荷是影响直流电缆绝缘特性的主要因素,而局部放电是交流电缆绝缘老化的主要影响因素。该研究为交/直流电缆绝缘在结构设计中的不同技术考量以及电缆的运行维护等提供了理论依据。Taking XLPE insulated cable as an example,the influence of the microstructure of the insulating medium on the movement of carriers under different electric fields was analyzed,and the electric field distribution in the insulating medium of AC/DC cables was discussed.In the comprehensive consideration of the coupling mechanism between the microscopic carrier and the trap,the main factors affecting insulation stability and cable operation stability were further discussed.Based on this situation,the main differences of AC/DC cables in the insulation and operating characteristics were summarized.The results showed that the different responses of microscopic carriers of cable insulation medium under power-frequency AC electric field and stable electric field determined the significant differences in the insulation and operating characteristics of AC/DC cable.Space charge was the most essential factor affecting the insulation characteristics of DC cable and partial discharge was the main factor affecting the insulation aging of AC cable,which provided a theoretical basis for different technical considerations in structural design and cable operation and maintenance of AC/DC cables insulation.

关 键 词：交/直流电场 绝缘特性 空间电荷 局部放电 电缆输电 

分 类 号：TM215[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]