二氧化碳捕集技术及适用场景分析  

Research on Carbon Dioxide Capture Technology and Suitable Scenarios

作　　者：胡道成 王睿[2] 赵瑞 孙楠楠[4] 徐冬 刘丽影[2] HU Daocheng;WANG Rui;ZHAO Rui;SUN Nannan;XU Dong;LIU Liying(China Energy Corporation Group Co.,Ltd.,Dongcheng District,Beijing 100011,China;SEP Key Laboratory of Eco-industry(Northeastern University),Shenyang 110819,Liaoning Province,China;New Energy Technology Research Institute,China Energy,Changping District,Beijing 102209,China;Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Pudong New Area,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源投资集团有限责任公司,北京市100011 [2]国家环境保护与生态工业重点实验室(东北大学),辽宁省沈阳市110819 [3]国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司,北京市102209 [4]中国科学院上海高等研究院,上海市201210

出　　处：《发电技术》2023年第4期502-513,共12页Power Generation Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0603305);国家能源投资集团有限责任公司项目(GJNY-21-51)。

摘　　要：工业发展带来了CO_(2)的大量排放,在实现碳达峰碳中和目标的过程中,碳捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture,utilization and storage,CCUS)技术是不可或缺的关键技术。现阶段技术成熟度较高且未来发展潜力大的碳捕集方法为燃烧后碳捕集技术,主要有吸收法、吸附法、膜法以及深冷法等。对最常用的4种碳捕集方法的发展与工业应用情况进行介绍,分析了几种方法的工业适用场景,尤其是目前正在运行的大型碳捕集项目中应用最多的化学吸收法与物理吸附法。化学吸收法、吸附法以及膜法碳捕集技术的未来发展潜力巨大,能够快速推进双碳目标的达成,助力碳的近零排放。The development of industry has brought a large amount of CO_(2) emissions.In the process of achieving the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization,carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technology is an indispensable key technology.The carbon capture method with high technology maturity at this stage and great development potential in the future is post combustion carbon capture technology,mainly including solvent absorption,adsorption,membrane method and cryogenic distillation.The development and industrial application of the four most commonly used carbon capture methods were briefly introduced,and the industrial applicability of several methods was analyzed,especially the chemical absorption method and physical adsorption method,which are most widely used in large-scale carbon capture projects currently running.Chemical absorption method,adsorption method and membrane carbon capture technology have great development potential in the future,which can quickly promote the achievement of the goal of double carbon and help the nearzero emission of carbon.

关 键 词：二氧化碳捕集 吸附法 膜法 深冷法 

分 类 号：TK09[动力工程及工程热物理]