不同位置补气对增压发动机动力性能的影响  

The Influence of Air Replenishment at Different Positions on the Power Performance of Supercharged Engines

作　　者：叶坦[1] YE Tan(Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Huaibei Vocational and Technical College,Huaibei 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]淮北职业技术学院机电工程系,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《五邑大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第3期66-72,共7页Journal of Wuyi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：2021年安徽省教育厅自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2021A1375);2020年安徽省教育厅质量工程项目(2020jxtd236);2021安徽省职业与成人教育学会重点研究项目(Azcj2021050);2021年淮北职业技术学院教研重点项目液压与气动技术课程教学改革研究(2021jyxm-01).

摘　　要：涡轮增压器小型化是车载发动机技术发展趋势之一,但小型化会导致转矩损失等诸多问题.为了提高进气量弥补损失,本文基于一台量产涡轮增压汽油机,分别在小负荷(20%节气门开度)、中等负荷(40%节气门开度)和全负荷(100%节气门开度)3种工况下,在不同位置(压气机后和进气歧管内)进行补气试验,研究不同位置补气对发动机性能的影响.试验结果表明,全负荷1600 r/min下压气机后补气0.206 MPa,输出扭矩最大增加10.5 N×m,增加幅度为6.42%;但全负荷1200 r/min下补气0.145 MPa,扭矩仅仅上升0.2 N×m,燃油消耗率却增加17.7 g/(kW×h);小负荷2000 r/min下进气歧管补气0.25 MPa,输出扭矩最大增加30 N×m,增加幅度为29.24%,但全负荷1400 r/min下补气0.18 MPa,转矩仅仅增加2 N×m,燃油消耗率却增加27 g/(kW×h).可见,不论在压气机后还是进气歧管内进行补气均可有效增加发动机的扭矩,但会恶化发动机的爆震强度,并导致发动机外特性工况燃油消耗率的增加.The downsizing of the turbocharger is one of the development trends of on-board engine technology,but the downsizing leads to many problems such as torque loss.In order to improve the intake volume and make up for the loss,based on a mass-produced turbocharged gasoline engine,air replenishment tests were carried out at different positions(behind the compressor and on the intake manifold)to study the influence of air replenishment techniques at different positions on engine performance,respectively under three working conditions:20%throttle opening at a small load,40%throttle opening at a medium load and 100%throttle opening at full load.The test results and analysis show that:At full load,the output torque of the 1600 r/min 0.206 MPa compressor after filling air increased by 10.5 N m×,and the increase was 6.42%.However,under the full load of 1200 r/min aeration 0.145 MPa,the torque only increased by 0.2 N m×,but the fuel consumption increased by 17.7 g/(kW h)×;Under small load,air replenishment at 2000 r/min is 0.25 MPa,and the maximum output torque of air replenishment at intake manifold is increased by 30 N×m,with an increase of 29.24%.However,under full load of 1400 r/min,air replenishment at 0.18 MPa,torque is only increased by 2 N m×,and fuel consumption is increased by 27 g/(kW h)×.In short,either behind the compressor or inside the intake manifold can effectively increase the torque of the engine,but it will worsen the knock strength of the engine and lead to increased fuel consumption under the external characteristic of the engine.

关 键 词：补气技术 增压发动机 小型化 爆震 

分 类 号：TK417[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]