‘桂味'荔枝采后修剪基枝剪口不同径粗对枝梢生长结果影响评价  

Evaluation of the Effect of Different Diameter Pruning of Postharvest Base Branches on the Growth and Yield of'Guiwei'Litchi

作　　者：秦兴华 陈艳艳 陈春帆 黄川 陆家明 丁峰[2] 卢美英[3] 彭宏祥[4] QIN Xinghua;CHEN Yanyan;CHEN Chunfan;HUANG Chuan;LU Jiaming;DING Feng;LU Meiying;PENG Hongxiang(Lingshan Agricultural Science Research Institute,Lingshan 535400,Guangxi;Guangxi Key Open Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Biotechnology,Nanning 530007,Guangxi;Agriculture College of Guangxi University,Nanning 530005,Guangxi;Institute of Horticulture,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural science,Nanning 530007,Guangxi)

机构地区：[1]灵山县农业科学研究所,广西灵山535400 [2]广西作物遗传改良生物技术重点开放实验室,广西南宁530007 [3]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005 [4]广西农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2023年第4期32-37,46,共7页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060659);广西县域特色作物灵山荔枝试验站专项(TS202129);广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2022B0202070003);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT124)。

摘　　要：研究‘桂味'荔枝采后基枝修剪程度对采后枝梢生长和次年结果的影响,对指导荔枝采后修剪管理,实现高产优质高效益生产具有重要意义.田间调查‘桂味'荔枝采后基枝3种不同直径粗度范围(Φ≤5mm、5mm<Φ<10mm和Φ≥10mm)的修剪口共143个,测量其上抽生的216条枝梢生长及结果状况.结果显示,修剪口上抽生的采后枝梢数量、构成单条枝梢的梢次数、枝梢长度、基部径粗、复叶张数、小叶片数及挂果粒数均随其直径增加而增加,尤其以枝梢长度(平均10.64cm增加至平均16.94cm和平均29.70cm)和挂果粒数(平均0.72粒增加至3.35粒和12.61粒)增长最为显著.此外,同梢次结果母枝生长状况和挂果粒数也随修剪口直径增加而显著增加.研究结果表明,‘桂味'荔枝采后修剪口径粗显著影响其采后枝梢的生长和次年结果状况,采后基枝修剪到Φ≥10mm粗度,更利于'桂味'荔枝丰产稳产和高效益.Studying the impact of postharvest pruning degree of base branches on the growth and the following year's yield is of great significance for guiding postharvest pruning management and achieving high-yield,highquality and high-effective production of'Guiwei'litchi.In the field investigation,a total of 143 pruning ports with 3 different diameters(Φ≤5 mm,5 mm<Φ<10 mm and Φ≥10 mm)of postharvest base branches were used to measure the growth and fruiting status of 216 branches sprouted on them.The data obtained from the survey showed that the number of postharvest branches and branches forming a single branch,the length of branches,the diameter of the base,the number of compound leaves,small leaves and the fruit grains all increased with the increase of their diameter,especially with the most significant increase in branch length(average increase from 10.64 cm to 16.94 cm and 29.70 cm)and fruit grains(average increase from 0.72 to 3.35 and 12.61).In addition,the growth status and number of fruiting grains of the same branch unit also significantly increased with the increase of pruning diameter.The research results indicated that the diameter of'Guiwei'litchi pruning significantly affected the growth of the postharvest branches and the fruiting status of the following year.After harvesting,pruning the base branches toΦ≥10mm was more conducive to the high and stable yield and the efficiency of'Guiwei'litchi.

关 键 词：‘桂味’荔枝 采后修剪 修剪口径粗 枝梢生长 结果 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]