老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床监测特点探讨  

Discussion of clinical monitoring characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome in the elderly

作　　者：谢涵 林庆艳[1] 尹虹雷[1] XIE Han;LIN Qing-yan;YIN Hong-lei(Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital,Harbin 150036,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省医院,150036

出　　处：《中国现代药物应用》2023年第15期51-54,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application

基　　金：HIF介导OSA患者下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴信号通路的调控机制研究(项目编号:20220303020997)。

摘　　要：目的探讨老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征临床监测特点。方法选取40例老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者作为老年组,另选择40例中青年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者作为非老年组。收集两组患者临床资料,并对两组患者进行睡眠监测。比较两组患者的临床资料及睡眠监测结果。结果老年组患者的糖尿病占比32.50%、高脂血症占比25.00%、高血压占比35.00%、下颌后缩占比32.50%高于非老年组的12.50%、7.50%、12.50%、12.50%,上腭垂过长占比10.00%低于非老年组的32.50%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者的脑血管疾病占比、体重情况、吸烟史、饮酒史、舌体肥大占比、腭垂过宽占比、扁桃体肥大占比、颈围、腰围、体质量指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。老年组患者的最长低通气时间(75.09±11.85)s长于非老年组的(53.72±13.03)s,睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)(30.22±15.43)次/h、微觉醒指数(14.32±6.09)次/h、氧减指数(33.40±12.36)%、Ⅲ期睡眠时间占总睡眠时间的百分比(22.45±6.35)%小于非老年组的(40.21±16.52)次/h、(21.14±5.89)次/h、(42.05±15.24)%、(30.21±5.96)%,Ⅰ期睡眠时间占总睡眠时间的百分比(25.03±10.01)%大于非老年组的(17.52±8.96)%,总睡眠呼吸暂停时间(74.02±19.64)min短于非老年组的(98.02±20.13)min,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者的平均血氧饱和度(MSaO_(2))、最低血氧饱和度(LSaO_(2))、Ⅱ期睡眠时间占总睡眠时间的百分比、快速动眼睡眠(REM)时间占总睡眠时间的百分比、最长呼吸暂停时间、Epworh嗜睡程度评价表(ESS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的老年患者容易并发冠心病、高血压、高脂血症等并发症,且睡眠结构紊乱、睡眠质量下降问题相对严重,应及时采取有效的诊治措施。Objective To discuss the clinical monitoring characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome in the elderly.Methods 40 elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were selected as the elderly group,and 40 middle-aged and young patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome were selected as the non-elderly group.Clinical data was collected from both groups,and sleep monitoring was performed.The clinical data and sleep monitoring results of the two groups were compared.Results In the elderly group,the percentage of diabetes mellitus was 32.50%,the percentage of hyperlipidemia was 25.00%,the percentage of hypertension was 35.00%,and the percentage of mandibular retrusion was 32.50%,which were higher than those of 12.50%,7.50%,12.50%,and 12.50%in the non-elderly group;the percentage of elongated uvula of 10.00%in the elderly group was lower than that of 32.50%in the non-elderly group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of percentage of cerebrovascular disease,weight status,percentage of smoking history,alcohol consumption history,tongue hypertrophy,uvula widening,tonsil hypertrophy,neck circumference,waist circumference,and body mass index(P>0.05).The longest hypoventilation time of(75.09±11.85)s in the elderly group was longer than that of(53.72±13.03)s in the non-elderly group;the elderly group had apnea hypopnea index(AHI)of(30.22±15.43)times/h,micro-arousal index of(14.32±6.09)times/h,oxygen desaturation index of(33.40±12.36)%and percentage of stageⅢsleep time in total sleep time of(22.45±6.35)%,which were lower than those of(40.21±16.52)times/h,(21.14±5.89)times/h,(42.05±15.24)%and(30.21±5.96)%in the nonelderly group;the percentage of stageⅠsleep time to total sleep time of(25.03±10.01)%in the elderly group was higher than that of(17.52±8.96)%in the non-elderly group;the total sleep apnea time of(74.02±19.64)min in the elderly group was shorter tha

关 键 词：老年 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 临床监测 特点 睡眠结构 高血压 

分 类 号：R766[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]