二次铝灰资源化利用研究进展  

Research Progress of Resource Utilization for Secondary Aluminum Slag

作　　者：李泽坤 李风亭[1] LI Zekun;LI Fengting(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《净水技术》2023年第8期38-47,共10页Water Purification Technology

摘　　要：铝灰作为危险废弃物,近年来受到非常大的关注。文中介绍了国内外各种从铝灰中回收铝资源的原理和途径,结合国内的实际工程运行情况,分析了各种技术的优劣。分析指出:湿法处理铝灰能耗低,技术成熟,虽然最近开始用于聚合氯化铝水处理剂的生产,但是需要解决氨和H2副产物的资源化以及重金属的问题;火法处理铝灰技术近些年发展迅速,高效稳定、操作简单,但是必须解决铝的溶出率低、酸浸后液体过滤难和色度高的问题。无论采用湿法还是火法处理,铝灰都是一种宝贵的资源。目前,国内逐渐从补贴处置向采购后资源化利用方向发展,合理利用铝灰不仅可以解决其带来的环境问题,还可以创造可观的经济效益。Aluminum slag,a kind of hazardous waste,has drawn considerable public attention in recent years.Through introducing the principles and approaches of various aluminum slag resources utilization at home and abroad,and combining with the actual project operation at home,the merits and drawbacks of various aluminum slag treatment technologies is evaluated in this paper.The analysis results show that hyrometallurgical processes perform noticeably well in low energy consumption and have mature technology,but they need to solve the resource utilization of by-product ammonia and hydrogen,as well as the problem of heavy metals.Through the rapid development in past few years,pyrometallurgical processes achieve many breakthroughs,realizing high efficiency and stability technology with convenient operation,but must solve the problem of low aluminum dissolution rate,difficult to filter the liquid after acid dissolution and high chromaticity.No matter whether they are hyrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical processes,aluminum slag is a valuable resource.At present,development direction is gradually shifting from subsidy disposal to post-purchase resource utilization at home.Developing aluminum slag processing technology can not only solve the environmental problems caused by aluminum slag,but also produce considerable economic benefits.

关 键 词：铝灰 湿法处理 聚合氯化铝 火法处理 铝酸钙 

分 类 号：TQ131[化学工程—无机化工]