粤北气候平均值的变化及其对气候业务的影响  

On the Variation of Climatological Averages in Northern Guangdong Province and Analysis of Their Effects on climate operation

作　　者：黄观荣 刘畅 杜家铭 杜尧东[2] HUANG Guan-rong;LIU Chang;DU Jia-ming;DU Yao-dong(Meteorological Bureau of Shaoguan,Shaoguan 512028;Climate Center of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510640;Guangdong Early Warning Release Center,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]韶关市气象局,广东韶关512028 [2]广东省气候中心,广东广州510640 [3]广东省突发事件预警信息发布中心,广东广州510640

出　　处：《广东气象》2023年第4期6-10,共5页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目子课题(2018B030324001-6);华南区域(广东省)气候变化创新团队(GRMCTD202101)。

摘　　要：基于粤北27个国家气象观测站1981年12月-2022年2月的气温、降水、日照时数逐月地面观测资料,对粤北的新、旧气候平均值进行了对比分析,结果表明:(1)粤北年、季平均气温均呈上升趋势,且空间分布差异较大,月尺度上除7、8、10月持平外,其余月份均呈现上升趋势;(2)粤北年平均降水量增多12.6 mm,其中春季下降10.8 mm,夏季增多24.1 mm,秋季、冬季变化较小,变化较为明显的月份是2、4、6、8和12月,前汛期降水量增多10.9 mm,后汛期持平,龙舟水期间,平均降水量增多4.8 mm,且年、季、月、前汛期、后汛期、龙舟水变化区域差异明显;(3)粤北年平均日照时数减少13.1 h,除春季增加外,夏、秋、冬均为减少;1、7、8、11、12月呈减少趋势,其余月份呈增多趋势;(4)气候平均值的更新对气候预测与评价业务有明显影响。This work compares and analyzes the new and old climatological averages in the region based on the monthly surface observations of air temperature,precipitation and sunshine duration taken at 27 na-tional meteorological observation stations from December 1981 to February 2022.The results are shown as follows.(1)The regional annual and seasonal mean temperatures tend to increase with large differences in spatial distribution.The monthly scale tends to rise in all months except for July,August and October for which it remains stable generally.(2)There is an increase of 12.6 mm for the annual mean precipitation a-mount in the region,with a decrease of 10.8 mm in spring,an increase of 24.1 mm in summer,and little change in autumn and winter.February,April,June,August and December are the months with significant changes of precipitation.The amount of precipitation increases by 10.9 mm in the April-June raining season while keeping roughly the same in the July-September raining season.During the concentrated heavy rain in the 30-day period around the Dragon Boat Racing Festival from late May to late June,the average amount of precipitation increases by 4.8 mm,with large regional differences on the annual,seasonal and monthly scales and during the two raining seasons.(3)In this part of the province,the annual average sunshine du-ration decreases by 13.1 h,decreasing in summer,autumn and winter but increasing in spring.While it tends to decrease in January,July,August,November and December,the annual average sunshine duration shows an increasing trend in the remaining months.(4)The updates of climatological averages have signifi-cant effect on the operation of predicting and assessing the climate.

关 键 词：气候学 气候平均值 气温 降水 日照 粤北 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]