数字贸易促进出口产品质量升级了吗?  

Has Digital Trade Promoted the Upgrading of Export Product Quality?

作　　者：唐青青 吕德胜 王珏[2] TANG Qing-qing;LYU De-sheng;WANG Jue(School of International Business and Economics,Henan University of Economic and Law,Zhengzhou 450046,China;School of Economics&Management,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学国际经济与贸易学院,郑州河南450046 [2]西北大学经济管理学院,西安陕西710127

出　　处：《现代财经（天津财经大学学报）》2023年第8期64-81,共18页Modern Finance and Economics：Journal of Tianjin University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BJY090);河南省科技厅软科学项目(17240041022)。

摘　　要：数字贸易为国际贸易注入新动能、开辟新空间,成为各国提升贸易竞争力的重要途径。本文运用2006—2017年CEPII数据、世界银行贸易数据库构建多维跨国面板数据,实证检验数字贸易对出口产品质量的影响和作用机理。结果显示:数字贸易对各国行业出口产品质量具有正向动态效应,在一系列内生性和稳健性问题检验之后结果依然稳健。利用中介效应模型进行机制检验发现,降低贸易成本、提高研发投入和人力资本水平、优化要素配置是提高行业出口产品质量的可能渠道。进一步异质性分析显示,数字贸易对较高收入出口目的国以及中技术制造行业的正向效应尤为显著。最后,运用2005—2013年中国工业企业数据库对数字贸易的影响效应和作用机理进行微观视角的补充。综上,应加强数字贸易基础设施建设、突破关键核心技术、实现数字贸易全球化发展,通过强化企业研发力度、优化劳动和技术等要素配置,最大程度发挥数字贸易对一国高质量出口的推动作用。Digital trade has injected new momentum and opened up new space for international trade,and become an important way for countries to improve their trade competitiveness.This paper uses CEPII data from 2006 to 2017 and World Bank trade database to construct multi-dimensional cross-border panel data,and empirically tests the influence and mechanism of digital trade on export product quality.The results show that,digital trade has a positive dynamic effect on the export product quality in various industries,and the results remain robust after a series of endogenous and robust tests.The mechanism test using the mediation effect model shows that reducing trade cost,increasing R&D investment and human capital level,and optimizing factor allocation are the possible channels to improve the export product quality.Further heterogeneity analysis shows that digital trade has a particularly significant positive effect on high-income export destination countries and mid-technology manufacturing industry.Finally,this paper uses the database of Chinese industrial enterprises from 2005 to 2013 to supplement the effect and mechanism of digital trade from a micro perspective.To sum up,it is necessary to strengthen the construction of digital trade infrastructure,make breakthroughs in key and core technologies,realize the development of digital trade globalization,and maximize the role of digital trade in promoting a country's high-quality export by strengthening enterprise R&D and optimizing the allocation of labor and technology factors.

关 键 词：数字贸易 出口产品质量 双边贸易成本 数字技术溢出 数字要素流动 

分 类 号：F740[经济管理—国际贸易]