母株年龄及插穗部位对园林小菊扦插繁殖的影响  

Effects of the Maternal Plant Age and Cutting Position on Cutting Propagation of Garden Chrysanthemum

作　　者：唐有林 周倩怡 刘明庆 王海滨[3] 杨育文 李妍 黄思杰 田洁 Tang Youlin;Zhou Qianyi;Liu Mingqing;Wang Haibin;Yang Yuwen;Li Yan;Huang Sijie;Tian Jie(Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources,Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University,Xining,810016;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing,210042;College of Horticulture,NanjingAgricultural University,Nanjing,210095)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,西宁810016 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [3]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2023年第16期5397-5410,共14页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：青海省科技厅重点研发与转化专项(2022-NK-117);青海省科技厅重点实验室项目(2022-ZJ-Y01)共同资助。

摘　　要：为探究不同母株年龄及插穗部位对园林小菊扦插苗生长及生理特性的影响,从而优化园林小菊扦插繁殖技术中的插穗类型,本试验以8个园林小菊品种(金陵玫瑰金,金陵潋滟,金陵笑靥,金陵一品红,金陵礼花,金陵粉玉兰,金陵阳光,金陵红荷)为研究对象,分析了不同母株年龄(一年生,二年生,三年生)和插穗部位(顶梢,中段,基段)下园林小菊扦插苗生长的差异性。结果表明,不同母株年龄及插穗部位处理下,扦插苗的地上部及根系生长、生理指标差异显著。随着母株年龄的增加,8个品种扦插苗的株高、叶片数、叶绿素含量、根系活力以及扦插成活率逐年降低。其中,以一年生母株顶梢扦插的‘金陵粉玉兰’,其根系活力分别比二年生、三年生母株顶梢处理高出22.30%和47.19%。冗余分析和综合评价结果表明,不同母株年龄处理的扦插苗排名为一年生母株插穗>二年生母株插穗>三年生母株插穗;不同母株部位处理的扦插苗排名为顶梢母株插穗>中段母株插穗>基段母株插穗。综上所述,园林小菊扦插繁殖应选择一年生母株的顶梢作为最优插穗。本研究通过筛选最佳插穗来提高园林小菊扦插苗的品质,为优化园林小菊扦插快繁体系提供一定的理论依据。In order to explore the effects of different maternal plant age and cuttings position on the growth and physiological characteristics of garden chrysanthemum,so as to optimize the cuttings types in the cuttings propagation technology of garden chrysanthemum.Eight garden chrysanthemum cuttings(Jinling Meiguijin,Jinling Lianyan,Jinling Xiaoye,Jinling Yipinhong,Jinling Lihua,Jinling Fenyulan,Jinling Yangguang,Jinling Honghe)were selected as research objects to analyze the differences in the growth of garden chrysanthemum cuttings under different maternal plant ages(annual,biennial,triennial)and cutting positions(apex,middle,basal).The results showed that there were significant differences in the aboveground part and root growth and physiological indexes of cuttings under the treatment of different maternal plant ages and cutting positions.With the increase of maternal plant age,the plant height,leaves number,chlorophyll content,root activity and cutting survival rate of 8 varieties decreased year by year.Among them,the root activity of'Jinling Fenyulan',which was cut from the top shoot of annual plant,was 22.30% and 47.19% higher than that of biennial and triennial plants respectively.The results of redundancy analysis and comprehensive evaluation showed that the ranking of cuttings with different maternal plant ages was annual plant cuttings>biennial plant cuttings>triennial plant cuttings.The cutting of different maternal plant parts were ranked as top cuttings>middle cuttings>basal cuttings.To sum up,the top shoots of annual plants should be selected as the optimal cuttings for cutting propagation of garden chrysanthemum.This study aims to improve the quality of garden chrysanthemum cuttings by screening the optimal cuttings,and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the rapid propagation system of garden chrysanthemum cutting.

关 键 词：菊花 扦插繁殖 母株年龄 插穗部位 综合评价 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]