韧性视角下中国超大城市绿带破碎化与连通性测度分析——以北京、西安及成都为例  

Measurement and analysis of fragmentation and connectivity of green belts in Chinese megacities from a resilience perspective:A case study of Beijing,Xi'an and Chengdu

作　　者：龚阳春 周亮 孙东琪[3] 陈志杰[1] Gong Yangchun;Zhou Liang;Sun Dongqi;Chen Zhijie(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Faculty of Geomatics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学建筑与城市规划学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《地理科学》2023年第7期1195-1205,共11页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41961027,42271214);甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(21JR7RA281,21JR7RA278);甘肃科技厅青年科技基金项目(21JR7RA343);甘肃省优秀研究生“创新之星”项目资助。

摘　　要：城市绿带是阻止城市蔓延、提高城市生态安全格局的重要手段。为了探究不同时段不同城市绿带随城市发展的非线性变化,研究基于韧性城市建设视角,采用土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局指数等定量方法,测度分析2000—2020年北京、西安和成都3个典型环状超大城市绿带破碎化与连通性。研究表明:(1)2000—2020年3个城市扩张模式以外延式扩张为主,绿带不断遭到城市建设用地的侵占,绿带及缓冲带内耕地分布范围自中心向外围显著缩小,草地和森林分布范围扩大且呈现破碎分散的特征。(2)城市绿带内建设用地面积占比持续上升,建设用地快速扩张对北京绿带内生态用地侵占最为显著,其次是西安和成都,侵占面积占比分别为44.09%、43.21%和37.02%;建设用地面积占比从绿带及其缓冲带内部到外部呈现先下降后趋于平缓的趋势,耕地面积占比呈现先上升后趋于平缓的趋势,森林、草地等其他生态用地呈现轻微波动。(3)2000—2020年3个城市绿带破碎化程度整体降低,北京绿带连通性逐渐降低,西安和成都绿带连通性呈现先降低后增强的“V”型变化趋势,然而不同城市绿带不同景观破碎度与连通性的变化显著不同,3个城市绿带内耕地破碎化程度增加,连通性降低,草地、水体和建设用地破碎化程度降低,连通性增强。Urban green belt is an important means to prevent urban sprawl and improve urban ecological security pattern.However,the city is a complex and open giant system,the actual development and construction process will often break through the planning expectations.In order to explore the non-linear changes of urban green belts with urban development in different periods and different cities,based on the perspective of resilient city construction,this study measured and analyzed the fragmentation and connectivity of green belts in three typical circular megacities of Beijing,Xi'an and Chengdu from 2000 to 2020 by using quantitative methods such as land use transfer matrix and landscape pattern index.The results showed that:1)From 2000 to 2020,the expansion modes of the three cities were mainly the outlying expansion,and the green belts were continuously eroded by urban construction land.The distribution range of cultivated land in the three urban green belts and their buffer zones decreased significantly from the center to the periphery,and the distribution range of grassland and forest expanded and showed the characteristics of fragmentation and dispersion.2)The proportion of construction land in the green belts of the three cities continued to rise.The rapid expansion of construction land occupied the most significant ecological land in the green belt of Beijing,followed by Xi'an and Chengdu,accounting for 44.09%,43.21%and 37.02%respectively.The proportion of construction land area decreased first and then tended to be gentle from the inside to the outside of the green belt and its buffer zones,the proportion of cultivated land area increased first and then tended to be gentle,and other ecological land such as forest and grassland showed slight fluctuations.3)From 2000 to 2020,the fragmentation degree of green belts in the three cities decreased as a whole,the connectivity of green belts in Beijing gradually decreased,and the connectivity of green belts in Xi'an and Chengdu showed a''V''trend of decreasing first and

关 键 词：城市绿带 城市扩张 破碎化 连通性 韧性城市 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学] TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]