基于底栖动物群落结构特征的大连地区某河流流域生态健康研究  

Ecological Health Analysis of ARiver Basin in Dalian Based on Composition of Macroinvertebrate Characteristics

作　　者：王中卫 刘子成 马骏 李翔宇 吕昕 Wang Zhongwei;Liu Zicheng;Ma Jun;Li Xiangyu;Lv Xin(Liaoning Dalian Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;Dalian Ecological and Environmental Affairs Service Center,Dalian 116023,China;Dalian Product Quality Inspection and Testing Institute Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省大连生态环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连市生态环境事务服务中心,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连产品质量检验检测研究院有限公司,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2023年第8期127-131,共5页Environmental Science and Management

基　　金：辽宁省生态环境厅2020年度生态环境科研计划《基于底栖动物大连地区重点水库、河流生态健康监测与评价研究》;辽宁省生态环境厅2021年度生态环境科研计划《大连地区淡水底栖动物DNA条形码数据库构建研究》。

摘　　要：2016年-2020年4月(枯水期)和9月(平水期)对某河流某断面流域底栖动物进行了调查。调查结果表明:该流河某断面流域底栖动物共有41种,隶属于3门6纲。其中环节动物5种,占总数的12.20%;软体动物8种,占总数的19.51%;节肢动物28种,占总数的68.29%。断面流域优势种为中华齿米虾、东方蜉、红纹蜉B种、条纹角石蚕。断面流域2016年-2020年平水期底栖动物栖息密度总量为304 ind·m^(-2),枯水期栖息密度总量为756 ind·m^(-2),底栖动物的密度被少数种类所主导。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数表明,断面流域整体生物多样性水平偏低且生物种类分布均匀性较差,个体分布均匀程度从时间来看呈现逐年下降趋势。2018年-2020年断面流域中清洁物种明显多于2016年-2017年,而耐污物种则呈相反趋势。Benthos in a monitoring section of a River were investigated from April and Septemberfrom 2016 to 2020.The results of investigation show that there are 41 species of benthos in this section of this River,belonging to 3 phyla and 6 classes.Among them,there are 5 species of annelids,accounting for 12.20%of the total;8 species of molluscs,accounting for 19.51%of the total;there are 28 species of arthropods,accounting for 68.29%of the total.The dominant species in the section watershed are Neocaridina denticulata sinensis,Ephemera orientalis,Rhoenanthus sp.B and ceriodaphnia laticaudata.From 2016 to 2020,the total habitat density of benthos in the section watershed was 304 ind·m^(-2) in the normal water period and 756 ind·m^(-2) in the dry water period.The density of benthos was dominated by a few species.Shannon Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index show that the overall biodiversity level of the section basin is low,and the evenness of biological species distribution is poor,and the evenness of individual distribution shows a downward trend year[JP4]by year in terms of time.From 2018 to 2020,the number of clean species in the cross-section watershed was significantly higher than that from 2016 to 2017,while the pollution resistant species showed the opposite trend.

关 键 词：底栖动物 群落结构 多样性指数 均匀度指数 生物密度 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]